JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE

Abstract:
This research was carried out in the laboratories of Erbil city on recycled PVC plastic for several times. The plasticizer DOP was extracted from the old plastic to study the extent to which the plasticizer remained in it after a period of time, as well as its exposure to heat of atmosphere. Several experiments were conducted to reach the optimum conditions to obtain the highest percentage of extracted plasticizer and then it was diagnosed by infrared spectrophotometer and thin layer chromatography. The results showed that the extracted plasticizer matches the standard plasticizer. We also performed viscosity measurements and bromine detection. The results showed that increasing the percentage of plasticizer works to increase the flexibility of plastic materials and reduce the degree of softening, knowing that adding the amount of plasticizer depends on the season of the year. This study can be used for the purpose of qualitative improvement of the production of recycled plastic as well as for the benefit of environmental issues.

The Web provides various kinds of data and applications that are readily available to explore and are considered a powerful tool for humans. Copyright violation in web documents occurs when there is an unauthorized copy of the information or text from the original document on the web; this violation is known as Plagiarism. Plagiarism Detection (PD)can be defined as the procedure that finds similarities between a document and other documents based on lexical, semantic, and syntactic textual features. The approaches for numeric representation (vectorization) of text like Vector Space Model (VSM) and word embedding along with text similarity measures such as cosine and jaccard are very necessary for plagiarism detection. This paper deals with the concepts of plagiarism, kinds of plagiarism, textual features, text similarity measures, and plagiarism detection methods, which are based on intelligent or traditional techniques. Furthermore, different types of traditional and algorithms of deep learning for instance, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) are discussed as a plagiarism detector. Besides that, this work reviews many other papers that give attention to the topic of Plagiarism and its detection.

The research was performed in AL -Namrud district, south of Mosul city, in autumn season/ 2020 to determine the seasonal presence of insects that accompanying each of the cucumber and marrow, planted in rate 28 row. yellow sticky traps were used for the period from 19/ September until 31/ October, which were placed in the four directions (North, South, East and West) to find out the best direction for catching insects. The results showed that the two plants were infected with insects, aphid and leafhopper and white fly also cucurbit fly insect. Showed the highest average to aphid Aphis gossypi (Glover) 89,33 insect / trap on southern direction in 17/10 And on the cucumber plant. As for the leafhopper insect Empoasca desedens (Poali) showed highest average for insect 79 insect / trap on Northern direction in 31/10 to cucumber plant, While the highest average was recorded for an insect white fly 125 insect / trap on the southern direction in 19/9 on the cucumber plant. while yellow sticky traps did not succeed in Catching a large number of whole insects of the cucurbit fly Dacus ciliatus (Loew) showed highest average 1.33 insect / Trap on the Northern direction in 31/10 on marrow plant.

An indirect simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of famotidine (FAM) and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP) in pure and pharmaceutical dosages. The method is based on the oxidation of FAM and CIP with known excess of N-Bromosuccinimde in acidic medium and subsequent occupation of unreacted oxidant in decolorization of Janus green B dye and measure the absorbance of residual dye at 618 nm. Calibration curves of residual Janus green B dye in the presence of FAM or CIP were rectilinear over the ranges 1.0-10.0 and 1.0-7.5 µg/ml with molar absorptivity 3.61×104 and 5.14×104 l.mol-1.cm-1 respectively. The accuracy (average recovery) was ranged between 99.68 and 100.23% and precision (RSD%) is less than 3.80%. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of the studied drugs in their pharmaceutical preparations. The results obtained are in agreement with certified values of pharmaceutical preparations and also with standard addition procedure and standard method applied in state company for drugs industry and medical appliance,SDI.

Nowadays hookah smoking has dramatically increased especially in the Middle East. Because Hookah tobacco contains many harmful substances, it has dangerous impacts on human beings. The goal of the current study is to examine the oxidative stress in blood and clastogenic effects of hookah smoking on exfoliated buccal cells. One hundred and twenty five healthy adult males were involved in this study. The participants were distributed into five groups: control, passive smokers, and three hookah smoker groups. Samples of blood from all groups were examined for Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and exfoliated buccal cells were aslo examined thorough micronucleus (MN) test for frequencies of nuclear abnormalities including Micronucleus (MN), Binucleates (BN) and Karyolysis (KL), were evaluated as well. frequencies of all nuclear abnormalities Micronucleus (MN), Binucleates (BN) and Karyolysis significantly increased in all exposed groups compared to the control group and the effect was exposure duration dependent. Malondialdehyde level also significantly increased in all exposed groups compared to the control group and the effect was exposure duration dependent.

Root Rot disease is one of important disease which caused great damage for Biota orientails and this was evident in the private forest nurseries in Mosul, for three nurseries in the Al-Faisaliah area, three nurseries in the Muthanna area, one nursery in the Mohandessin area, as well as the Nineveh horticultural station during the field survey, this was through October and December of 2017 and February - August of 2018.fungi were recorded like Fusarium solani Mart isolation ratia 36.85% ,Macrophomina phaseolina Tassi Goid islalation ratia 22.34% and Rhzoctonia solani Khun islalation ratia 26.89% which Isolated from Biota orientails seedling . Results of pathogenicity tests showed Fusarium solani was had high pathogenicity (50%) Biota orientails seedling and the fungus was very effective at growth characteristics.
study of Eucalyptus camaldulnsis leaves Extracts effect at the growth of Isolated fungi The results showed the superiority of the alcoholic extract in inhibiting the growth of the isolates fungi compared to the aqueous extract and for all concentrations except for the fungus R. solani, which was uniquely significantly inhibited by the effect of the aqueous leaf extract of Eucalyptus.

Software Effort Estimation (SEE) is used in accurately predicting the effort in terms of (person–hours or person–months). Although there are many models, Software Effort Estimation (SEE) is one of the most difficult tasks for successful software development. Several SEE models have been proposed. However, software effort overestimation or underestimation can lead to failure or cancellation of a project.
Hence, the main target of this research is to find a performance model for estimating the software effort through conduction empirical comparisons using various Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. Various ML techniques have been used with seven datasets used for Effort Estimation. These datasets are China, Albrecht, Maxwell, Desharnais, Kemerer, Cocomo81, Kitchenham, to determine the best performance for Software Development Effort Estimation. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and R-Squared were the evaluation metrics considered. Results and experiments with various ML algorithms for software effort estimation have shown that the LASSO algorithm with China dataset produced the best performance compared to the other algorithms.

Language classification systems are used to classify spoken language from a particular phoneme sample and are usually the first step of many spoken language processing tasks, such as automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems Without automatic language detection, spoken speech cannot be properly analyzed and grammar rules cannot be applied, causing failures Subsequent speech recognition steps. We propose a language classification system that solves the problem in the image field, rather than the sound field. This research identified and implemented several low-level features using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients, which extract traits from speech files of four languages (Arabic, English, French, Kurdish) from the database (M2L_Dataset) as the data source used in this research.
A Convolutional Neuron Network is used to operate on spectrogram images of the available audio snippets. In extensive experiments, we showed that our model is applicable to a range of noisy scenarios and can easily be extended to previously unknown languages, while maintaining classification accuracy. We released our own code and extensive training package for language classification systems for the community.
CNN algorithm was applied in this research to classify and the result was perfect, as the classification accuracy reached 97% between two languages if the sample length was only one second, but if the sample length was two seconds, the classification accuracy reached 98%. While the classification among three languages, the classification accuracy reached 95% if the sample length was only one second, but if the sample length was two seconds, the classification accuracy reached 96%.

A study of the influence of the parameters design, such as the refractive index of the core, the cladding and the radius of the core on propagation constant (β) of single-mode optical fiber in optical communication region (1.2-1.6) m have been investigated. Material, waveguide, and profile dispersions are analyzed and investigated. Three models of optical fibers with different relative refractive indices () (0.004, 0.007, 0.01) at a wavelength equal 1.55 m, and three models of core radius (3,4,5) m is taken in the count. Numerical simulations and modeling are arranged depending on weakly guiding approximation for solving homogeneous wave equation derived from Maxwell’s equations. Our modeling solved by the aid of MATLAB software. Material and profile dispersion have no significant change for various relative refractive index, while waveguide dispersion is affected by the change of relative refractive index. the waveguide dispersion increased by increasing core diameter and the profile dispersion decreased as the core diameter increased. There is no effect on martial dispersion by increasing the core diameter.

Most GPS receivers calculate their locations by a geodetic coordinate referenced to the WGS84 ellipsoid, whereas the local reference applied in IRAQ (referred as ClarkelSSO ellipsoid) have different geodetic coordinates.
This paper presents the results of particulars conversion between geographical and UTM grid coordinates system from WGS84 reference ellipsoid system to ClarkelSSO reference ellipsoid system for a selective locations in Mosul (Zone 38N). Conversion formulae and parameters are also given to facilitate users to convert the coordinates of any point in the study area between the two systems by using GPS.receiver and ArcGIS software.
The result shows that the geographical and UTM grid systems of the two systems are slightly different, but additive constants are sufficient to attain the general accuracy.

The uranium concentration and radioactivity of radon gas were measured in Al-Kasik refinery and Ain Zala field using the CR-39 detector. Soil and water samples associated with the production stages of oil, Sludge and crude oil were collected. The levels of uranium concentration in soil ranged from 0.703 to 1.480 ppm, in water samples from 0.681 to 0.716 ppm, in Sludge samples from 0.849 to 1.014 ppm, and in crude oil from 0.785 to 0.933 ppm. As for the radioactivity of radon gas, when comparing the radon rate in the samples we obtained with the global values, it was found that it falls within the internationally permissible limit, where the radon rate in the soil was 12.81 Bq/kg and when compared with the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) which has a value of 32 Bq/kg, and in the produced water it was 8.66 Bq/kg compared to (UNSCEAR)which has a value of 50 Bq/kg. In Sludge samples 11.81 Bq/kg and when compared with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) whose value is(8-5×〖10〗^5) Bq/kg, and in crude oil samples 10.56 Bq/kg and when compared with the International Federation of Oil and Gas Producer (IOGP) whose value is (800-4×〖10〗^5) Bq/kg. As for the alpha ray hazard index, the results showed that it is within the permissible limits internationally, where the results were less than 1 and therefore does not pose a threat to the health of workers and environment.

Abstract
The present investigation was conducted to reveal the effect of oral administration of diazepam (2.5-5 mg/kg B.W.) orally daily for 6 weeks on sperm concentration, the level of live sperm, dead and abnormal sperm and the relative weight of testis, prostate, seminal vesicles and epidydimus (head, body, tail). Furthermore measurement of testosterone hormone level in time interval (0,3,6 weeks) in adult albino male rats with age between 2.5-3 months and average body weight (222±16.79gram). The results showed that diazepam at doses (2.5-5 mg/kg) body weight caused a significant decreas in sperms count and the percentage of live sperms with a significant increased in the percentage of dead sperms and morphologically abnormal sperms.
Furthermore a significant decreas in serum testosterone, average weight of testis, prostate glands and tail of epididymis associated with significant increased in average body weight during period 2,4,5,6, weeks in rats treated with diazepam at two doses 2.5,5 mg/kg of body weight compared with control group. It is concluded from the present study is that diazepam has adverse effect on sexual efficiency in adult male.

Bone marrow depression is the mo:.it serious dose limiting toxicity of hydroxy urea . Natural apple cider vinegar in supposed to have both chemo-proteotive and myelo -stimulatory effects .
In this study , hydroxy urea at a dose of 80mg/kg/day orally produced significant depression of red blood cell, adecrease in white
blood cells and platelets in mice . 20mg/kg/day of apple cider vinegar seven days after hydroxy urea was administered produced no improvement in red blood cells and white blood cells and platelets counts.
The administration of apple cider vinegar with hydroxy urea produced significant (P<0.05) increase in red blood cells and white blood cells while platelets not recovered to normal .
The effect of hydroxy urea in mice on protein was observed as depressant effect significantly (P<0,05) on total protein adecrease in albumin and globulin .
The administration of apple cider vinegar seven days after hydroxy urea produced no significant effect on globulin and albumin , yet the total protein increased but not significantly .
The administration of apple cider vinegar at the same time with hydroxy urea significantly increase total protein and globulin , while no change on albumin level .
The results in this study indicate that apple cider vinegar has a protective effect on bone marrow from depressive effect of cyto toxic drug hydroxyurea .

ABSTRACT
This study is aimed to make a comparison between three artificial neural networks, these networks differ from each other in architecture and the method of adaptive the weights. In this research four ANN are used to recognized English number, these ANN are Adaline, Backpropagation, Hopfield, and Kohen ANN. By doing the comparison, we found that, the ability of a network differentiation does not depend on the complexity of the network architecture, the training algorithm or the number of layers, but it depends on the learning rule and increase in the number of the patterns that are used to train the network.

ABSTRACT

The biological study was conducted at the University of Mosul, College of Education, Department of Biology. To aims at identifying effects of environmental pollution in the seven sites at Nineveh (Al-Rahmanyah,Al-Rashidiyah, Yarmejah, Hamam Al-Alil, Al-Nimrud, Al-Qayarah and Sinjar) in concentrations of heavy accumulated metals,(Pb,Cd,Ni,Co) in the parts that are eaten from leguminosae plants.
The study results showed that pods of leguminosae plants in different sites contained heavy metals with different concentrations within the normal levels of toxicity: cobalt (0.53-1.36), nickel(0.1-5), cadmium (5-30), lead (30-300)ppm. the concentration of cadmium was over than (0.1)ppm., which applied by (WHO).

Summary
This research shows that the white seeds agreement with the effect of magnetic flux density and magnetic water in most characteristics studies allowed by vegetative growth such as (The grew, plant height, number of leaf, leaf area's, number of roots, dry weight and wet weight).
On the other hand, they shown that when treated by magnetic water and the normal soil it get the best in most characteristics studies from the treated by normal water and normal (such that 46% to relative grown, 8.048 cm height, 8.048 average of leaf number, 4.08 cm2 area's leaf, the number of roots 5.78 / any plants and the wet weight is 1.457 gm). Also, they shown that when treated by magnetic soil and normal water it get the best in most characteristics studies from the treated by water and normal (such that 64% to relative grown, 8.048 average of leaf number, 4.91cm2 area's leaf, the number of roots 7.92 / any plants and the wet weight is 1.75 gm) unless the characteristics about the height which defeated the treated by magnetic soil and magnetic water at the treated by normal water magnetic soil.

The study was conducted in order to create the best conditions (physical and chemical factors) that necessary for the growth of the Bacillus subtilis and its production of the Xylanase enzyme.
The results include isolation and diagnosis of (40) isolates of bacteria: Bacillus subtilis obtained from (30) soil samples and study the effect of some physical factors (period and temperature of incubation, pH of the medium, ventilation) on bacterial growth and its production of an Xylanase enzyme. The results showed that best growth and its production of the enzyme was obtained when the incubation is (48) hours and the temperature (30) C^o , pH of the medium (7) and incubation with shaking at (200) rpm where the optical density value of bacterial growth was reached (0.25) and activity of the enzyme product was (3.41) unit / ml. The effect of some chemical agents (carbon and nitrogen source for medium) on bacterial growth and its production of an Xylanase enzyme and the results revealed that the carbon source (Xylan) gave the best growth and production of the enzyme compared with other of carbon sources (Starch, Cellulose, Xylose, Glucose, Sucrose, Maltose, Lactose), where the optical density value of growth was (0.25) and the enzyme activity (3.41) unit / ml. Regarding the effect of the nitrogen source (organic and inorganic) in medium on growth and production of the enzyme, the results showed that the best bacterial growth and the production of an Xylanase enzyme occur when organic nitrogen sources (Peptone, Beef extract, Yeast extract, Casien) were supplemented in the medium compared with inorganic nitrogen sources (KNO₃, (NH₄) ₂SO₄, NH₄NO₃, NaNO₃). Peptone and Yeast extract were the best nitrogen sources for stimulation of bacterial growth and the production of the enzyme with optical density value of growth reached (0.29 , 0.286) and the enzyme activity was (3.92 , 3.9) unit / ml.

      The study includes isolation and identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from different sources as (90) samples were collected during a period from November (2017) to February (2018), including (wounds, suckers, urine, drinking water), Twinty five isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified depending on morphological and biochemical tests at a rate of (27.77%) from total samples including (13) isolates from suckers used for sucking solutions from respiratory tract, (7) isolates from wounds, (3) isolates from urine and (2) isolates from drinking water. The isolates from sucker formed the highest rate reached (14.44%) of total samples and (52%) of total Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, whereas the lowest rate was from drinking water (2.22%) of total samples and (8%) of total Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. The results showed that (92%) of total isolates were pyocyanin producer on King A agar medium, It was also found that all isolates of this bacteria have the ability to produce protease.