ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis of Some New Chalcone Compounds Derived From (Phenyl Quinoxaline Methyl Benzotriazol) of an Expected Biological Activity
This study include the synthesis of the compound 2,3-Diphenyl quinoxaline from (the reaction of ortho Phenylenediamine with Benzil) and then connect this molecule with benzotriazole molecule, using the Methylene bridge through using formaldehyde in acidic medium to obtain the compound 6-[(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)methyl]-2,3-diphenylquinoxaline which having acidic hydrogen at the nitrogen atom which could be reacted with chloroacetone to form ketonic compound (2), that can be react with different aromatic aldehydes (4-nitrobenzaldehyde and 4-methoxy benzaldehyde) or 4-nitro acetophenone through aldol condensation to obtain an α,-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (single chalcones) (3-6), from which we could prepare a double chalcones (7-11), these compounds are used to prepare many heterocyclic compounds as derivatives, when reacted with hydrogen peroxide gave oxirane compounds (a ring with three atoms) (12-16), with bromine in the presence of a base, gives mono substituted bromine (17-21),with hydrazine hydrate and phenyl hydrazine gave the pyrazoline compounds and their substituted compounds (a ring with five atoms) (22-31) and finally with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride to give the isooxazoline compounds (32-36).The synthesized compounds were identified using physical and spectral methods (melting points, colour change, infrared spectra, ultraviolet spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance spectra), also bromine test were used to the detection of the double bond which present on the single and double chalcones.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161174_f585ede39f15a9dcab8a9955e25e02c9.pdf
1970-01-01
1
22
10.33899/edusj.1970.161174
Single chalcones
Double chalcones
Oxirane
Mono substituted bromine
Pyrazoline
Isooxazoline
Natiq
Ahmed
1234@uomosul.edu.iq
1
AUTHOR
Hussein
Ridha
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Isothermic Adsorption and Applications of Kinetics Models, Thermodynamics Functions ,Probability Sticking for Benzoic Acid and Some Substituted by Using Anew Adsorbent Substance
The research including used anew adsorbent substance collected from sandstorms which arrived to Mosul city to study adsorption of Benzoic acid and some substituted and application of kinetics Models (pseudo first and second order reaction ) Elovich model kinetics and determination of thermodynamic function for adsorption process as well as the probability sticking for acids molecules on surface (S*)and the appareant activation energy , the isothermic constants were determined for frendlich ,Langmir,Tempkin at different temperature and factors affecting on adsorption process ,the results gives indicates that the physical mechanism which predominate and some times physical and chemical the adsorption was increased and desorption decreased ,this process non spotonous and need lower energy to happened
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161175_0a04dbf3854c1dd61db59cd91cae7843.pdf
2019-06-01
23
39
10.33899/edusj.2019.161175
Carboxylic acid
adsorption
Isotherm
New Clay
kinetic
Khaleel
Al-Neimi
1
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ahmed
2
AUTHOR
1 .Dhantaj.T.M,Kariya.k.p,Bhave.N.S. "Physico Chemical Studies of Resin Derived from p-hydroxy benzoic acid .Diamin Benzoic with Formaldehyde and it's electrical conductivity study " Chemistry Journal vol.1.Issue 1,pp(1-8),(2011).
1
2.Yin.x.,w,Yao.z,Feng.R,Du.B,Yan.L,Wei.Q."Adsorption of benzoic acid from aqueous solution by three Kind of modified bentonites " J.Colloid.Intersci.,vol 359 ,pp(499-504).(2010).
2
3.Andreozzi.R,Marotta.R,Nicklas"Pharmacenticals in STP effluents and their photodegradation in aquatic environment"Chemosphere,vol.50,pp1319-1330,(2003).
3
4.Chor.k,Bocquet.J.F,Colbeam Justin.c,"comparative studies of phenol and salicylic acid photo catalytic degradation influence of adsorbed oxygen "mater.chem-plys.,vol 86.pp 123-131,(2004).
4
5.Yang.M,XU.A.H.DU,San.c,Li.c,"Removal of salicylic acid on perovslcite –type oxide LaFeO3 in catalytic wet air oxidation process" Hazard Mater J,vol.139 pp 86-92,(2007).
5
6.Davor.K,Ivan,K,N,Nikola.k,"Adsorption of organic acids on metal oxides "The Umbrella Effect "Croation chemical Acta ,1139-1153 ,7(4).(1998)
6
7.Khaleel.I.Al-Niemi,Safwan.A.A,Thuka.A.,"Effect of using MnO2 As adsorbent substance on ionization constant and electrical conductivity for some aliphatic carboxylic acids contains hydroxyl group on (α) position, Al-Anbar university Journal for apure Science ,Vol(5).No(3),(2011)
7
8. Khaleel.I.Al-Niemi, Asmaa.M.A." Study the isothermic adsorption for some amino acids by using Manganize dioxide "The second scientific conference in chemistry university of Mosul , collage of science , chemistry Department.
8
9.Khaleel.I.Al-Niemi, Ibrahim.y.M," changing of electrical properties and adsorption mechanism for some dicarboxylic acids and factors affecting on it in presence of MnO2 as adsorbent substance" Journal of Tikrit university for apure science ,accepted for publication 18/6/2013
9
10. Khaleel.I.Al Niemi. Mohammed.M.H.Al-Niemi" Study the effecting of Manganize dioxide as adsorbent substance on electrical conductivity and degree of discossition for some amino acid " accepted for puplication in Journal of Tikrit university for apure science .(17/6/2012)
10
11 .Ho.Y.S,Mckoy.G"Application of kinetic Models to the sorption of copper II on 4he peat " Adsorption science &Technology ,Vol .20 No.8,(2002).
11
12 .Ali,A.s.s,serveh .s."Effects of sterilization and temperature on decrease Kinetic of phosphorus Bio Avaliability in two different soils types"J.soil.sci. plant Nutr .11(2):109-122,(2011).
12
13-Mohammed .N.I,Khalid.M.D,Marwan.z"Organic chemistry "Dar alketab for puplication Iraq,Mosul,university of Mosul (1988)
13
14. Yakout.S.M,Elsheriff .E,"Batch kinetics ,isotherm and thermodynamic studies of adsorotion of strontium from aqueous solution onto low cost rice –straw based Carbon "applied science Innovations pvt.Ltd,India Carbon –sci.Tech.1,144-153 .(2010).
14
15.Baray.L.G,Dippy.J.F.,Hughes.S.R,Laxton.L.W,"chemical constitution and the dissociation constants of mono carboxylic acids. XVII,ortho-effects in substituted salicylic acids .J.Chem.Soc.,2404-8(1957).
15
16 . Pimental and Mecellean.G.C."The hydroqen Bond"Freeman w.H.san Francisco .(1960).
16
17.Hui.Q ,Ln,L.Bing.C"Critical review in adsorption Kinetic Models "Journal of univ.sci.A 10(5):716-724(2009).
17
18.Igwe.Jc,Abia.A.A"adsorption kinetics and intraparticle diffusivities for bio oremdiation of Co II ,Fe II ,and Cu II ion s from Waste water using modified and unmodified maize Cob "International Journal of physical sciences vol 2(5) p.p 119-126(2007).
18
19.Horsfan.M,A.I.S"Effects of temperature on the sorption of pb+2 from aqueous solution by caladium biocolor (Wild coccyaml bio mass"Electronic Journal of Technology vol 8,Num,2 pp 162-169(2005).
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Modification of The Rheological Properties of Asphalt Using Spent Lubricating Oils and Air Oxidation
There is a growing need for the production of certain types of asphaltic materials having good rheological properties compared with the unmodified asphaltic materials, thus many experiments were performed to prepare a modified asphalt that can be used in different fields. This study aims to modify asphalt with the addition of (spent lubricating oils) with different percentages and with air blowing oxidation. From this work we obtained the asphaltic materials which can be used in paving and mastic production according to the measuring of the (ductility, penetration, asphaltene and softening point)
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161176_3480c5c9c0fc507f4dcb95f2994f0167.pdf
2019-06-01
40
49
10.33899/edusj.2019.161176
asphalt
rheological properties
Polymeric Additives
Asphalt Oxidation
Alaa
Hussein
1
AUTHOR
Ammar
Hamdoon
2
AUTHOR
1- Parkash, S., ”Petroleum Fuels Manufacturing Hand Book”, Mc Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 102-131, (2010).
1
2- Zhang, L. and Green field M.L, “Effects of Polymer Modification on Properties and Microstructure of Model asphalt Systems”, Energy & Fuels, Vol. 22, pp. 3363-3375,(2008).
2
3- Polacco, G. Stastna, J., Biondi, D. Antonelli, F., Vlachovicova, Z. and Zanzotto, L., “Rheology of asphalts modified with glycidylmethacrylate functionalized polymers”. J. of colloid and interface science, Vol. 280, pp. 336-373, (2004).
3
4- Lesueur D., “ The Colloidal Structure of Bitumen: Consequences on the Rheology and on the Mechanisms Modification”, Advances in colloid and Interface, p.145,28-42, (2009).
4
5- Introduction To Asphalt”, Asphalt institute manual series No. 5(MS-5)P. 2,9-11, 14,61, (2001)
5
6- Thakre,N., Mangrulkar,D., Janbandhu,M. and Saxena,J., “Polymer Modified Bitumen”, IOSR Journal of Mechaical and Civil Enginering Vol.13, Issue 6Ver, (2016).
6
7- Maharaj, Rean and Maharaj, Chris, “Physical Properties of Low Density Polyethylene, Polyvinyl chloride and used Engine oil Modified Asphalt”, Progress in Rubber and Recycling Technology, Vol. 31. 3, (2015).
7
8- Dekhli, S., Mokhtar, K..A., Hammoum, F.and Bachir, D.S., “Rheological Behaviour of Ethylene-Vinyl-Acetate(EVA) Modified Road Bitumen”, Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 15, No.(3), pp 444-455, (2015).
8
9- Djaffar, S., Samy, D. and Khadidja, A.M., “ Rheological Propertes and Storage Stabilty of SEBS Polymer Modified Btumen”, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, Vol.5,No.05, (2013).
9
10- Al-Zubaidi, M. A., “Modification of the Rheological Properties of Beeje Asphalt Using Different Additives and the Field of Their Uses”, M.SC. Thesis, University of Mosul, (2013).
10
11- Can, J., “Asphalt Modification with Used Lubricating Oil”, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 35(2): 148-157, (2008).
11
12- Arslan, L., K. and Taque, E., “ Treatment of Asphalt from Heet Area Using the Residues of Basic Oils” , Diala, Jour., Vol. 39, (2008).
12
13- Huff, B. J. and Vallerga, B. A., “ Characteristic and Performance of Asphalt-Rubber of Materials Containing a blend of Reclaimed and Crumb Rubber”, Transp. Res. Rec.; Chem. Abs., (1982), 96, 22300u, (1981).
13
14- Al-Sayd Toohi, H. T. S., “Study of Rheological Properties of Modified Qiayarah Asphalt by Reclaim Tires Rubber Using Microwave Technique”, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Mosul, (2013).
14
15- Sadeque, M., Patil, D.K.A., “ Rheological Properties of Recycled Low Density Polyethlene and Polypropylene Modified Btumen”, Internationol Journal of Advanced Technology in Civil Engineering, Vol.-2, Issue-2, (2013).
15
16- Bulato, V., O., Rek,V. and Markovic, K.J., “Polymer Modified Bitumen”, Materials Research Innovation Vol.16,No.1(2012).
16
17- Al-Liheby, S. A. S., “Effect of Some Polymeric Additives to the Asphalt Materials and the Field of Their Uses”, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Mosul, (2012).
17
18- Anjan, S., Veeraragavan, A., “Construction and Building Materials”, Vol. 24, Issue 11, pp: 2041-2100, (2010).
18
19- Salih, L. A., “Effect of Air Blowing on the Stability of Mixtures (Qayarah Asphalt-Sulpher), Al-Rafidden Science Journal, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp 174-190, (2008).
19
20- Ali, L. H., Al-Ghannam, K. A., “Investigation into Asphaltenes in Heavy Crude Oils”, J. Fuel, Vol. 60, pp: 1043-1046, (1981)
20
21- ASTM, Part II, (D36-70), P. 27, (1972).
21
22- ASTM, Section 4, (D5-83), P. 97, (1986).
22
23- ASTM, Section 4, (D5-85), P. 127, (1986).
23
24- Traxler, R. N., “ Asphalt: Its Composition, Properties in Uses”, Haff, Ltd., London, p. 3. 72-72, (1961).
24
25- Adam, Georgius A., “Industrial Chemistry”, Dar Al-Kutub for Printing and Publishing, University of Mosul, pp. 168, 171, 440-443, (1986).
25
26- Ali, L. H. and Al-Dobouni, I. A. “Petroleum: Origin, Composition, and Structure”, Mosul University, pp. 236, 237, 271, 272, 274, (1986).
26
27- Al-Frakh, Y. and Abu Shihada, A., “Production of Bitumen Grades”, Brit., UK Pat. Appl., GB2, 028,406; Chem. Abs., (1982), 96, 126085g, (1981).
27
28- Holbsen, G. D., “ Modern Petroleum Technology”, 4th ed., Ltd. Britain, pp: 804-806, 810-811, (1975).
28
29- ASTM (1969), Part 11, (D491-41), p. 250-251, (1969).
29
30- Central Organization for Standardization and Quality Control (COSQC), Standard Specification No. 1196 about the Asphalt used in Roofing Operations, Ministry of Construction and Housing and Municipalities and Public Works, Iraq, (1988).
30
31- State Commission for Roads and Bridges (SCRB), Department of Design and Study, Ministry of Construction and Housing and Municipalities and Public Works, Baghdad, (2001).
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studys of Adsorption of Azo Dyes on The Local Bentonite Clay
This work is included the synthesizs of two azo dyes from the reaction of p-methoxy aniline and 2-amino benzo thiazol .via diazounium ions.A number of clays are tested as adsorbents for the removal of these dyes from their aqueous solution by adsorption . The most efficied one was selected to peforme this study . The prepared dyes are characterized by some of their physical propertier such as(lmax) , (emax) melting point. Stretch bond of (N=N) group by(IR)spectrometry and colours. The optimal condition of the adsorption systems undre study such as effect of does ,initial concentration ,and temperature wear investigated . Two isotherm models,Langmuir and Freundlich were fitted to the experimental data of adsorption .the thermodynamic Function ( ∆H, ∆G°,∆S°) are estimated. The results of the thermodynamic study showed that ,the forces controlling the adsorption process of the systems under considerate are physical in nature . The adsorption process are exothermic , occur spontaneously in the direction of connecting the dye to the clay surface ,and forming less random system.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161177_d0bcc1892bf87ca2f65ebb1b832d19d8.pdf
2019-06-01
50
70
10.33899/edusj.2019.161177
thermodynamic
adsorption
azo dyes
bentonite clay
Safwan
.A.S.Aldbouni
1
AUTHOR
Emad.
A.S.Alhyali
2
AUTHOR
Ammar
.A.H.Alkazraji
3
AUTHOR
1. Emad. A. AL–Hyali, O. M. Ramadhan and S. A. AL- Dobone, "Effect of substituents type on the adsorption of aromatic carboxylic acid and their relation to concentration, temperature and pH", Raf. Jour. Sci., vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 68-78(2005).
1
2. Team. H. Wallace, ''Biological treatment of synthetic dye water and an industrial textile wastewater containing azo dya compounds'', Blak burg Virginia(2001).
2
3. Smeth. K, S. N. Upadhyay and Y. D. Upadhya, "Removal of phenols of adsorption on fly ash", J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol., 37, pp. 281-290,(1987).
3
4. T. O. Ryabukhova, S. Arzamaa, A. B. Okishevana and S. N. Konovalova, "Adsorption of alcohol’s from binary solution on activated carbons", Russian J. of Physical Chemistry, 74, 2, pp.281–283, (2000).
4
5. I. Vogel, "A Textbook of practical organic chemistry",
5
3rd ed., Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd., London, pp. 622- 623(1964).
6
6. Y. Bulut, N. Gozubenli, H. Aydm, "Equilibrium and kinetics studies of adsorption of direct blue 71 from aqueous solution by wheat shells", J. Hazard. Mater., 144, pp. 303-305(2007).
7
7. Beter. S. Inbaraj, J. T. Chien, G. H. HO, J. Yang and B. H. Chen , "Equilibrium and kinetic studies on sorption of basic dyes by a natural biopolymer poly (γ - glutamic acid)", J. Biochemistry and Eng. 31. pp. 209-211(2006)
8
8. S. S. Reddy, B. Kotaiah, N. S. P. Reddy, M. Velu, ''The removal of composite reactive dye from dyeing unit effluent using sewage sludge derived from activated carbon'' Turk. J. Eng. Env. Sci., 30, 370(2006).
9
9. Aiman S. M. T., M.Sc. Shndala.Thesis, College of Education, University of Mosul(2012) .(In Arabic)
10
10.Raiad.T.Alabade.,Ph.D. College of Education, University of Mosul(2010) .(In Arabic)
11
11. S. Knaebel Kent, "Adsorbent selection", Adsorption Research, Inc., Dublin, Ohio, 43016, pp. 1–23(2003).
12
12. C. H. Wu, "Adsorption of reactive dyes onto carbon nanotubes: Equilibrium, Kinetics and thermodynamics", J. Hazard. Mater., 144, pp. 96-98, (2007).
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Determination of Mesalazine Spectrophotometry Based on The Charge Transfer Complex n- π Using Reagent p-bromanil
Simple, sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric method for the determination of mesalazine in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations is described. The method is based on the reaction of mesalazine with p-bromanil in the presence of borate buffer solution of pH9 to form a pink color charge transfer complex of maximum absorption peak (λmax) at 346 nm. Under the optimized reaction conditions, Beer’s law correlating the absorbance with mesalazine concentration was obeyed in the range of 0.48-12 μg ml-1. The molar absorptivity was 6.5×103 L.mol−1cm−1. The limits of detection was 0.053μg ml-1. The accuracy and precision of the method were satisfactory; the average recovery was 98.04% and values of relative standard deviations better than 1.70 %. The stoichiometry of the reaction was studied, and the reaction mechanism was postulated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of mesalazine in its pharmaceutical tablet and capsule with good accuracy and precisions. The results obtained by the proposed method were compared with those obtained by the official method.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161178_03b0650f9e05abc7ee27e2a437b07147.pdf
2019-06-01
71
84
10.33899/edusj.2019.161178
spectrophotometry
Charge transfer complex
Mesalazine
p-bromanil
Ghaith
Al-Ramadhani
1
AUTHOR
Sobhi
Al-Mtioti
2
AUTHOR
1- Actis.GC, Pllicano.R and Rizzetto.M, "Individually administered or co-prescribed thiopurines and mesalamine for inflammatory bowel disease" .World J Gastroenterol 15;1420-1426,(2009).
1
2- Sandborn.WJ, Feagan.BG and Lichtenstein.GR, "Medical management of mild to moderate Crohn's disease : evidence based treatment algorithms for induction and maintenance of remission"; Aliment Pharmacol Ther 26:987,(2007).
2
3- US National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike,Bethesda,MD 20894 US Department of Health and Human Service National Institutes of Health Page Last updated May (2018) .
3
4- Finkel, Cubeddu and Clark; Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology, 4th Edition; 393,( 2009).
4
5- Al-Shreify.Z.A.M, "Development of spectrophotometric and fluorophotometric methods for determination of phenolicand nitrogenic drug compounds",M.Sc. Thesis, Mosul University, (2012).
5
6- Abdalla.F.A.A and Elbashir.A.A, "Development and validation of spectrophotometric methods for the determination of mesalazine in pharmaceutical formulation", J.Med.Chem, 4(3),361-366.,11,(2014).
6
7- Zakaria.R.A, "Spectrophotometric determination of Mesalazine by
7
8-hydroxyquinoline and N-(1-naphthyl)ethylene- diaminedihydrochl oride reagents in bulk and capsule dosage forms", J. Sci.,24(1),146-158,(2013).
8
8- Al-Enzy.M.S, Al-Sabha.T.N and Al-Ghabsha.T.S, "Use of charge transfer complex reaction in spectrophotometric micro Determination of some drugs", Jord. J. Chem.,7,87-102,(2012).
9
9- Al-Sabha.T.N, Al-Enizzi.M.S and Al-Taee.O.A, "Application of chloranil and fluoranil π- acceptors for the Spectrophotometric determination of mesalamine in pharmaceuticals", Eur. Chem. Bull., 3(4),377-383,(2014).
10
10- Salih.E.S and Al-Sharook.M.M, "Spectrophotometric assay of mesalazine in pharmaceutical preparation via oxidative coupling reaction with thymol and sodium metaperiodate", J.Edu.&Sci.,21, 103-115,(2008).
11
11- Al-Fakhry.M.H.A, "The use of oxidative coupling reaction for spectrophotometric determination of aniline and its substituents and the drugs dipyrone and mesalazine", M.Sc.Thesis, Mosul University, 64-79,(2006).
12
12- Al-Daoudi.N.M.I, "Spectrophotometric determination of some drugs by using prussic blue reaction and methylene blue and rhodamine-B dyes", M.Sc.Thesis, Mosul University,62-119,(2011).
13
13- Al-Nuaimi. I. K. O, "Development of spectrophotometric and fluoro photometric methods for determination of some drug compounds ,M.Sc.Thesis, Mosul University,(2017).
14
14- Gui.F.L, Li.W, Fan.Y.C and Hu.Z-D, "Fluorescence spectroscopy studies on 5-aminosalicylic acid and zinc 5-aminosalicylate with human serum albumin", J.Pharm.Biomed.Anal.,39,189- 197,(2004).
15
15- Al-Abdaly. Z. Z. S, "Development of Spectrophotometric ,Spectro fluorometric and High-performance Liquid ChromatographicMethods for Determination of some Drug Compounds", Ph.D.Thesis, Mosul University,(2013).
16
16- AL-Meshaekhy.M.Y,״Development of spectrophotometric methods and atomic absorption in drug compounds analysis using different reactions ״,Ph.D. Thesis, Mosul University,(2017).
17
17- Nigoric.B and Imunic.B, "Determination of 5-amino salicylic acid in pharmaceutical formulation by differential pulse voltammetry", J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal.,31,169-174,(2003).
18
18- Rao.K.H, Rao.A.L and Sekhar.K.C, "Validated PR-HPLC method for the estimation of mesalazine in bulk and tablet dosage form", Int. J. Res. Pharm. Chem., 3, 472- 480,(2013).
19
19- Elmasry. M. S, Blagbrough. I. S, Rowa. M. G and Saleh. H. M, "Quantitative HPLC analysis of mebererine, mesalazine, sulphasalazine and dispersible aspirin stored in avenalink monitored dosage system with co-prescribed medicine", J.Pharm. Biomed. Anal.,54, 646-652,(2011).
20
20- Abdolmohammad- Zadeh. H and Kohansal. S, "Determination of mesalamine by spectrofluorometry in human serum after solid-phase extraction with Ni-AL layered double hydroxide as a nanosorbent", J. Braz. Chem. Soc.,23,473-781,(2012).
21
21- Pastorini. E, Locatelli. M, Simoni. P, Roda. G and Roda. E, "Development and validation of an HPLC-ESI- MS/MS method for determination of 5-aminosalicylic acid its major- metabolites N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid in human plasma", J. Chromatogr. B, 872, 99- 106,(2008).
22
22- Rafael.J.A, Jobar.J.R , Gasagrande.R and Geargetti.S.R, "Validation of HPLC, DPPH and nitrosation methods for mesalamine determination in pharmaceutical dosage forms", Braz.J. Pharm. Sci., 43,(2007).
23
23- Skoog.D.A, West.D.M, Holler.F.J and Crouch.S.R, "Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry", 9th ed. Mary Finch,USA,(2013).
24
24- Townshend.A, "Analytical applications of molecular complexes", Proc. Soc. Anal. Chem.,
25
25- British pharmacopeia, CD-ROM, (2015).
26
26- Harevy.D, ״Modern Analytical Chemistry״, McGarw-Hill Higher Education,USA,(2000).
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Mechanism, Kinetic And Thermodynamic For Transport Of Citric Acid Ions To Removal By Adsorption Using Electrical Conductivity, Potential Difference And Acidity Function
In this research used the electrical conductivity, potential difference, acidity function and the probability Sticking on surface were used to detected the mechanism of Ions transportation of citric acids by adsorption from the solution to the surface of solid particles using anew adsorpent clay. The kinetics model (pseudo first and second order, Eleovich kinetic and Intraparticle diffusion) applied on the experimental results of adsorption as well as Freundlich and Tempkin isotherms, this study arrived to that the a high transportation of acid ions to the surface to form a surface complexation model with solid particles happened at low concentrations and temperatures, the result of adsorption obeyed the pseudo first order kinetic, and the Intraparticle diffusion occurred was a controlled process , the constants KF, KT for isotherms used to calculated the thermodynamic functions ΔG,ΔH,ΔS for adsorption process.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161179_cc58fbffe6d0a6233b86e7c621152a49.pdf
2019-06-01
85
102
10.33899/edusj.2019.161179
mechanism
kinetic
thermodynamic
Citric acid
adsorption
Khaleel
AL-Niemi
1
AUTHOR
West; Todd; mason; van Bruggen '' Text book of Biochemistry '' fourth edition,the MacMillan company collier-macmillan limited/London, (1966).
1
2- A- Maria.J.A. and Bernhard; L,''sheath-flow Fourier transform infrared spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of citric malic and tartaric acids in soft drinks'',analyica Chimica acta,vol 417,Issue 1, (2000).
2
B- marin B; matic. L; " Citric acid production''Biotechnology annual review, vol. 13, (2007) .
3
Packman.E.w; Abbotl.D.D, Harrisso. J.E.W, ''Toxicolology and applied pHarmacology, vol. (5), Issue (2) ,(1963).
4
Jiewen.Y. and Laiyuan;Zhong.L,''Coupling of tartaric acid-promoted soil dissolution and Cr V reducation in an oxisol'' journal of Geochemical Exploration ,volume 125, pp 138-143, (2013).
5
Tamas.K. and peter.B;Daniele.S; Giovanni.M Patrick.D "Oxo vanadium IV complexes of citric and tartaric acid '' Inorgnica chimica Acta vol 239 , Issues 1-2, (1995).
6
Wong .k.k. and Klee.c;Slow.k, ''Removal of Cu and pb by tartaric acid modified rice husk from equeous solutions'' chemospHere, volum (50), Issue 1, (2003).
7
Amin . N.K, ''Removal of direct blue – 106 dye from aqueous solution using new activated carbons deleloped from pomegranate peel : Adsorption equilibrium, kinetics'' J.Hazard , 165 (1-3) pp 52-62, (2009).
8
Lagergren.s,''about theory of so-called adsorption soluble substances", der sog enannten adsorption geloster kungliga svenska svenska vetenska pasalka de miens handling ar,24,pp 1-39, (1898).
9
Ho.Y.S. and Mckay.G. , ''pseudo-second order model for position process" biochemist ,34,pp,415-455 , (1999).
10
Weberst.W.J. and morris. J.C, '' kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution'' J. saint ,Eng. Div. Am, Soc. Civ.Eng, 89 . pp 31-60 , (1963).
11
Inbarag. B.S. and Chien.J. T; HO.G.H; Yang; chen .B.H, '' equilibrium and kinetic studies on sorption of basic dyes by anatural biopolymer poly ( α - glutamic acid'' , J.biochemistry and Eng .31.pp. 209-211, (2006).
12
Hui.Q. and Ln Lv ; Bing.c , ''Critical review in adsorption kinetic models'' Journal of Zhejiang university science (A) ,10 (5) :716-724, (2009).
13
Knaebel.k, ''Adsorbent selection'' Adsorption Research, Inc., Dublin, ohio, 43016, pp .1-23, (2003).
14
Yehea. A.H, Yehea.N.A.J '' physics for medicine and biology students '', Al- jammah press – university of Mosul (1982) , ( In Arabic) .
15
A-pimental . and Mecellean G.C , ''The hydroge bond'' Freeman. w. H. San Francisco, (1960).
16
B- Kovacevic.D. and kobal.I;kallay.N , ''Adsorptipm of organic acids on metal oxides. ''The umberell effect ''croatica chemica Acta 71,(4),1139-1153 , (1998).
17
Michael .H . and Jur; Ayebeami.I;.Spiff ''Effect of temperature of sorption of pb+2 and Cd+2 from aqueous solution by caladium bio color (wild cocoyam) bio mass''Electronic journal of Biotechnology,V.8, NO.2 ,pp 162-169, (2005).
18
Vikram.p. and Vimal .C; Srivastova "Adsorption of Benzoic acid and Salicylic acid onto Granular Activated carbon" International conference on chemical civil and Environment engineering (ICCEE 2012), Dubai March 24-25,2012.
19
Joon.T . and Michael.K "A study of adsorption of simple organic molecules onto organic soil components using DRIFTS, world congress of Soil Science, soil solution for a changing world1-6 August, Brisbane, Australia,(2010).
20
Luiz.N,“Adsorption of Silica, alumina and related surface" Encyclopedia of surface and colloid Science by Marcel Dekker, Inc,(2004).
21
Karama.M.E. and Antelmis.D.A; Pashley.R.M, "The production of stable hydrophobic surface by the adsorption of hydrocarbon and fluoro carbon carboxylic acids onto alumina substrates" Colloids surf, a physiochem.Eng.Asp.182,285-298,(2001).
22
Tombacz.E. and Barany.S.Ed. "Role Interfaces in Environmental protection" Kluwer academic press, Amsterdam, P.397,(2003).
23
Manash.R.D. and Sekh. M "kinetic and adsorption behavior of benzoate and phthalate at the alumina-water interface:Influence of functionality colloids and surfaces Aiphysicochem.Eng.Aspects 264,90-100,(2005).
24
Mohammed . N,Khalid. M,Marwan . Z. '' Organic chemistry '' Dar Alkottob for printing and publisher , Mosul – Iraq , first Edition , 1982, ( In Arabic) .
25
Javier.P. and Estebon.S.C, "Chemical speciation and mobilization copper and in naturally contaminated mine soils with citric and tartaric acids" chemosphere, volume.90,Issue(2),PP276-283,(2013).
26
Ho.Y.s. and Mckoy.G, "application of kinetic model to the sorption of copper on the part" adsorption science and technology,Vol.20,No.8,(2002).
27
Yakout.S.M.and Elsherif.E "Batch kinetics,isotherm an thermodynamic studies of adsorption of strontium from aqueous solution onto low cost rice-strawbased carbons" Applied science Innovations pvt.Itd.India carbon-Sci.Tech.1PP144-153,(2010).
28
Igwe.J.C. and Abia.A.A "adsorption kinetics and intraparticalate diffusivities for biore mediation co, fe and cu ions from waste water using modified and unmodified Maize cob." International Journal of physical Science, Vol.2(5) PP119-127.(2007).
29
Safari.S. and Ali.A;Sedri.S, "Effect of sterilization and temperature on the decrease kinetic of phosphorus Bio Availability in two different soil types" J.soil.Sci.plant Nutr.11(2):109-122-(2011).
30
Chie.S.H. and Clayton.W.R, "Application of Elovich equation to the kinetics of phosphate and sorption in soil" Journal soil science of America,Vol.44.No.3.PP265-268,(1980).
31
Afzal.M. and Naseer.A, "Adsorption of organic acids from aqueous solution on charcoal" Pakistan J.Sci,Ind.Res.Vol.15,No.3,(1972).
32
Abdelwahab.o "Kinetic and isotherm studies of copper removal from waste water using various adsorbent"Egyptian.J.Aqu.Res,33P136,(2007)
33
Aiman.sh " study the effect of some substituents on adsorption of a number of azo dyes derived from anilin-B-Naphthol by different adsorbent" Msc.Thesis-University of Mosul,(2012)
34
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study in The Inhibitory Effect of Disinfectants and Antiseptic Traded From Local Market in Nineveh The Province of on Some Pathogenic Bacteria
This study deals with the comparison of the effect of some disinfectants used in Hospitals from local market of Nineveh province from different origins, on some Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria isolated from burns and wounds. These disinfectants includes : Dettol (septol) ,Hepatine , Povidine-iodine , Hand sterilizer all of them from local , Arabic and international origins. Results showed a clear resistance of the studied bacteria , and differences in bacterial sensitivity toward disinfectants depends on its origins and bacterial species .It was clear that the disinfectant (hepatine) was the best disinfectant in inhibiting growth , the danish origin was the best of them then Jordanian origin, the second disinfectant (dettol) of which the Jordanian origin was also the best, then (povidine-iodine) of which the Emirates origin was the best and then (hand sterilizer gel) of France origin was best.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161180_2fac627b953c096f0a7aca206fab62c5.pdf
2019-06-01
103
112
10.33899/edusj.2019.161180
Antiseptic
Disinfectants
Hepatine
Bushra
Hamad
bmicro161@gmail.com
1
AUTHOR
1-Dupuy, M. ; Mazoua, S. ; Berne, F. and Bodet, C. Journal ISSN., 45: (3) 1087-1094, (2011).
1
2-Brook ,G.F. ; Carroll , K. C. ; Butel ,J. S. and Morse , S. A., "Jawetz , Melnick and Adelbergs Medical Microbiology" 24th ed., McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. USA (2007).
2
3- Essa, M.A; Alwan, A.J. and Al-Kayat, E.M. M.Sc. Thesis, College of Science, University of Mosul (2010). (In Arabic).
3
4-Manal , M. B., Saudi pharmaceutical journal., 16: ( 2) 165-170, (2008).
4
Al-Nashet, A.A. M.Sc. Thesis, College Science, University of Abdul Aziz, KSA (2011). (In Arabic).
5
6- Fraimow, H.S. and Abrutyn, E., Dis. Clin. North. Am., 9 : 497-530, (1995).
6
7-Massi, L. ; Guittard, F. ; Levy, R. and Geribaldi, S., Journal: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry ISSN. 44 (4) 1615-1622, (2009).
7
8- Presccott, L.M; Harely, T.P. and Klein, D.A. "Microbiology" 4th ed. McGraw- Hill companies, Inc, USA (2002).
8
9- 15. Benson, H.J. "Microbiological. Application". 8th ed. McGraw-Hill Companiesm Inc., USA (2002).
9
10- Bauer, A., Kirby, W.A., Sherris, J.S., and Turk, M., Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 45493-496, (1966).
10
11-Mclaughlin, A. J. and Palermo, R. "Infection control in respiratory care". 2nd . ed. Aspen Publ. Inc., Maryland (1966).
11
12-Noparat, W.; Siripanichakorn, K.; Tribudharat, C. and Danchaivijitr, S., J Med Assoc Thai., 88 (Suppl 10): 177-182, (2005).
12
13-Kampt, G.; Hofer, M. and Wendt, C., J. Hosp. Infect. 24:143-150, (1999).
13
14-Fraise, A. P. M., J. Hosp. Infect.43:255-264, (1999).
14
15-Rutala , W. A. ; Aguiar , N. C. ; Sobsey , M. D. and Weber , D. j., Infect. Coont. Hosp. Epidemiol., 21(1):33-38, (2000).
15
16- Presccott, L.M; Harely, T.P. and Klein, D.A. "Microbiology" 4th ed. McGraw- Hill companies, Inc, USA (2002).
16
17- Willey, J. M.; Sherwood, L. M. and Woolverton, C. J. "Prescott, Harly and Klein,s Microbiology". 7th ed., McGraw Hill Companies Inc. New York (2008).
17
18- Nori, H.S.; Dawod, I.T. and Mahmod, M.T., M.Sc. Thesis, College of Nursing, University of Mosul (2009). (In Arabic).
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Ascorbic acid on the sensitivity of Salmonella typhi to antibiotics
This study included the investigation of the effect of Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) and incubation at temperature of 44 C° on the sensitivity of Salmonella typhi to some antibiotics to which resistant it was Resistant Results showed that Ascorbic acid had a curing impact in removal of resistance character against many antibiotics (Amikacin Erythromycin ,Tobramycin, Penicillin ). Concentration of Ascorbic acid had a role in its effectiveness and the concentration (1.5) mM was the best in all curing results. The study also demonstrated that the temperature 44c° had a curing effect on the resistance of bacteria under to most studied antibiotics except erythromycin according to this results and because Ascorbic acid is not toxic, it be used with antibiotics against infection with Salmonella typhi .
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161181_131016e2347a25829c90e165d3ef3566.pdf
2019-06-01
113
121
10.33899/edusj.2019.161181
S.typhi
Ascorbic acid
vitamin C
Dhuha
Mohamed
1
AUTHOR
Bushra
. Hamad
2
AUTHOR
Muhsin
Essa
3
AUTHOR
1- Al-Khayat, K.H., M.Sc. Thesis, College of Education, University of Mosul (2008). (In Arabic).
1
2- AL-Sabauy B. D. H. M.Sc. Thesis, College of Science, University of Mosul (2005). (In Arabic).
2
3- Farnoosh, A. and Azam H. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 33: 238–242, (2006).
3
4- Habeb, Z.S. and Al-Shawi, A.M. Iraqi Medical Journal, Vol. 33, No. (2), (2009).
4
5-Ahmed, K.D. and Aziz, Z.A. Journal of Rafidain Science, Vol. (1), Issue (9). (2006).
5
6- Bailey, W. R. and Scott, E. G. "Diagnostic microbiology a textbook for the isolation and identification of pathologenic microorganisms". The C. V. Mosby Company. London (1974).
6
7- Buchanan, R. E. and Gibbons, N. E. "Bergeys manual of Determinative Bacteriology" 8th ed. Williams and Wilkins Company Baltimore (1974).
7
8- Toledo, I.; Cruz-Vara, L.R.; Sanchez, J.H. and Guarneros, G., J. Bacteria., 182 (6): 1523-1528, (2000).
8
9- Bauer, A., Kirby, W.A., Sherris, J.S., and Turk, M., Am. J. Clin. Pathol., Vol. 45: pp.493-496, (1969).
9
10- Vandepitte, j., Engbac, K., pito, p. and Heuch, C. C. "Basic Laboratory procedures in Clinical Bacteriology". World Health Organization. Geneva (1991).
10
11- Hasan, A.H., Journal of Rafidain Science, Vol. (15), Issue (5). (2004).
11
12- Essa, M.A.; Hamad, B.D.; Alwan, N.J., Journal of Education and Science Volume (24) Issue (3), (2011).
12
13- Gomez-luz, R. Int. Microbiol., 1:279-284, (1998).
13
14- Topf, J.and Faubel, S. "The Microbiology Companion". 2nd ed., National Reproduction Corporation, Michigan, USA. (1994)
14
15- Ramesh, A.; Halami, P.M. and Chandrashekar, A. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 16 (7):695-697, (2000).
15
16-Amabile C.C., Muta.Res.207(3-4)107-9, (1988).
16
17-Luciana .; Edmar C. and Andréa M. A., Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology.Vol.48, n. 3 : pp. 379-384, (2005).
17
18- Wameidh M.P., Iraqi Journal of Science.50(1)37-42, (2009).
18
19-Terawakie, Y.; Takayasu, H. and Akiba, T., J. Bacteriol., 94 (3): 687-690, (1967).
19
20- Al-Rashidy, D.N.M.A, M.Sc. Thesis, College of Education, University of Mosul (2002). (In Arabic).
20
21-Warren, R.; Rogolsky, M.; Wiley, B.B. and Glasgow, R.L., J.bacteriol., 118(3): 980-985, (1974).
21
22-Al-Khafagi, Z.M., "Biological activities of bacteria". Dar Al-Kutib for Printing and Publishing, University of Mosul (1987).
22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Sex and Age of Human on Infection With Types of Stones and Its Concomitant Bacteria
The current study involved isolation and identification of bacteria from (50) urine samples of patients suffering from renal stones and urinary tract infections (UTIs) Sixteen bacterial isolates were obtained from urine samples (32%), Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli being the most frequent among isolates, forming 37.5% (6 isolates) and 31.5% (5 isolates) respectively while Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates 12.5% (2 isolates) then Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus were isolated at a rate of (6.25%). The study showed that 32 (64%) of urine samples were from patients having calcium stone, 10 (20%) with uric acid stone and 8 (16%) with struvite stone but cystine stones were not identified. Furthermore, this study showed that there is a relationship between type of stones and the type of bacterial isolate . The effects of some factors such as sex and age on the rate of infection with different stone types were investigated ,the results revealed that among (32) calcium stones, 71.9% were males and 28.1% were females. From (8) struvite stones, males represent 37.5% while females were 62.5%, for uric acid stone 60% were males and 40% were female. The incidence of renal stone seem to be the highest in the age group(30_53) years comprising 48% of the total patients followed by the age group (54_77) years 32% and the least incidence was in the age group (6_29) years 20% .
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161182_9c39532dec9f9f6d7dd7f2823ba378c4.pdf
2019-06-01
122
132
10.33899/edusj.2019.161182
Proteus mirabilis
type of stone
Amera
AL-Rawi
1
AUTHOR
Rash
AL-Sa’doon
2
AUTHOR
1.Ziyadeh, F.N. and Goldfarb, S. Nephrolithiasis. In Dc Dale, DD Federman, eds. ACP Medicine, Section 10, Chap. 12. New York: WebMD(2005).
1
2.Minevich, E. Pediatric urolithiasis. Pediatric clinics of North America, 48(6): 1571-1585 (2001).
2
3. Haslett, C.; Chilvers, E. R.; Hunter, J. A. and Boon, N. A. Principles and practice of medicine. eighteenth edition, Davidson’s. British Library (1999).
3
4. Nass, T.; Al-Agili and Bashir, O. Urinary Calculi: bacteriological and chemical association department of Urology, Tripoli Medical center, Tripoli, Libyan Arab jamahiriya. Vol. 7, p. 756-762 (2001).
4
5.Johri, N.; Cooper, B. ; Robertson, W. ;Choong, S. ;Rickards, D. andUnwin, R. "An update and practical guide to renal stone management". Nephron Clinical Practice116 (3): c159–71(2010).
5
6. Coker, C.; Poore, C. A.; Li, X. and Mobley, H. L. T. Pathogenesis of Proteus mirabilis urinary tract infection. Microbs Infect. 2 : 1497 – 1505 (2000).
6
7. Rodman, J.S. struvite stones. Nephron 81 (Suppl.1), 50-59 (1999).
7
8.Young, J.G. and Keeley, F.X. Chapter 38: Indications for Surgical Removal, Including Asymptomatic Stones, pp. 441–54 in Rao, Preminger and Kavanagh (2011).
8
9.Hruska,K.A.(2004).struvite and stones.CELIE.Text Book of Medicine.
9
10.Koka, R. M.; Huang, E. and Lieske, J. C. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 278 : 989 – 998 (2000).
10
11. Santos – Victoriano, M. and brouhard, B. H. Clinical Pediatrics, 37 (10) : 583 – 594 (1998).
11
12. Segura, J. W.; Preminger, G. M. and Assimos, D. G. Nephrolithiasis clinical guidelines panel summary report on the management of staghorn calculi. The American urological association nephrolithiasis clinical guidelines panel. J. Urol. Jun; 151 (6) : 1648-1651 (1994).
12
13. Koneman, E. W.; Allen, S. D.; Janada, W. M.; Schreckenberger, P. C. and Winn, W. C. Color atlas and text book of diagnostic microbiology. 5th ed., Lippincott-Raben publishers, Philadelphia, USA (1997).
13
14. Prescott, L. M.; Harley, J. P. and Klein D. A. Microbiology. 3rd. ed. WMC. Brown communication, Inc., Iowa, U.S.A (1996).
14
15.Macfaddin, J.F. Biochemical tests for identifiaction of medical bacteria. 2nd. Ed., Waverly press, Inc., Baltimore, U.S.A (1985).
15
16. Yoshida, O.; Kiriyama, T.; Okada, K.; Okada, Y.; Watanbe, H.; Mishina, T.; Uchida, M.; Watanbe, K.; Tomoyoshi, T. and Takayama, H. A bacteriological study on urinary calculi associated with infections. Hinyokika Kiyo. Feb; 30(2): 191-198 (1984).
16
17. Li, X.; Zhao, H.; Lockatell, C. V.; Drachenberg, D. E.; Johnson, D. E. and Mobley, H. L. Visualization of Proteus mirabilis within the matrix of urease-induced bladder stones during experimental urinary tract infection. Infect. Immun. Jan; 70 : 389 – 394 (2002).
17
18. Kramer, G.; Klingler, H. C. and Steiner, G. E. Role of bacteria in the development of kidney stones. Curr. Opin. Urol. 10 : 35 – 38 (2000).
18
19. Robert, J. C. Kidney stones, general Adult and Prosthetic Urology. Web site: http://www.urosurgeryhouston.com.htm. (2003).
19
20. Goldfarb, D. S. and Coe, F. L. Americans family physician, 60 (8) : 2269 – 2277 (1999).
20
21. Joseph, F. S. Kidney stone. Medical library, 333 pine Ridge Blvd. Wausau, WI 54401. Web site : http://www.chclibrary.org (2005).
21
22. Kodama, R. Renal colic - new treatment. Smith’s General Urology, article (2004).
22
23.Kassimi, M. A.; Abdul-Halim, R. and Hardy, M. J. The problem of urinary stones in western region of Saudi Arabia. Saudi medical. J. 7 (4) : 349 – 401 (1986). 24. Victorian, R. ; Haluk, A. and Dean, G.A. Kidney Stones: A Global Picture of Prevalence, Incidence, and Associated Risk Factors.Rev Urol. Spring-Summer; 12(2-3): e86–e96 (2010).
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Design of ZnO Nanowire Laser Single Mode and Study Its Properties
Designing of single-mode ZnO nanowire laser has been achieved. Studying its properties has also been considered. Analysis of single-mode rate equations indicates that the laser has threshold current of 53 mA, the output power of 30 mW at bias current of 70 mA and the slope efficiency around 1.77 mW/mA for the output power from both mirrors. The critical diameter for nanowire has been calculated and it is found to be 128 nm. The number of nanowire rods through designed area of dimensions (21µm×21µm) has also been calculated. The cavity of nanowire laser is (F-P). The results are compared with some experimental work of ZnO nanowire lasers and good agreement is found.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161183_ae8d2990fd87ac3b3f7e88ead67e4ab5.pdf
2019-06-02
133
149
10.33899/edusj.2019.161183
ZnO nanowire laser
Ultraviolet (UV)
Threshold current
power output
Fabry-Perot (F-P) micro cavity
waveguide
Rafid
Abdulla
1
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ahmed
2
AUTHOR
Johnson J. C., Yan, H. Q., Yang, P. D. & Saykally, R. J. Optical cavity effects in ZnO nanowire lasers and waveguides. J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 8816–8828 (2003).
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Okazaki K., Kubo K., Shimogaki T., Nakamura D., Higashihata M., and Okada T. Lasing characteristics of ZnO nanosheets excited by ultraviolet laser beam. Adv. Mat. Lett., Vol. 2, 354-357 (2011).
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Sattar Z. A., and Shore K. A. Analysis of the direct modulation response of nanowire lasers. J. Lightwave Technol., Vol. 33, 3028, (2015).
3
Chu S., Wang G., Zhou W., Lin Y., Chernyak L., Zhao J., Kong J., Li L., Ren J. and Liu J. Electrically pumped waveguide lasing from ZnO nanowire Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 6, 506-510, (2011).
4
Huang M. H., Mao S., Feick H., Yan H. Q., Wu Y. Y., Kind H., Weber E., Russo R., and Yang P. D. Room-temperature ultraviolet nanowire nanolasers Science, Vol. 292, 1897-1899, (2001).
5
Vugt L. K., Rühle S., and Vanmaekelbergh D. Phase-correlated nanodirectional laser emission from the end facets of a ZnO nanowire Nano Lett., Vol. 6, 2707-2711, (2006).
6
Zhou H., Wissinger M., Fallert J., Hauschild R., Stelzl F., Klingshirn C.,and Kalt H. Uniform-sized ZnO nanolasers arrays Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 91, 181112, (2007).
7
Duan X. F., Huang Y., Agarwal R., and Lieber C. M. Single-nanowire electrically driven lasers. Nature, Vol. 421 , 241-245, (2003).
8
Zhang J. Y., Zhang Q. F., Deng T. S., and Wu J. L. Electrically driven ultraviolet lasing behavior from phosphours-doped p-ZnO nanonail array/n-Si heterojunction. Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 95, 211107, (2009).
9
Yaoguang Ma et al. Semicnductor nanowire lasers. Advances in optics and photonics 5, 216-273 (2013).
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Lieber C. M. Nanoscal Science and technology:building a big future from small thing. MRS Bull. 28, 486-491, (2003).
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Lieber C. M. and Wang Z. I. Functional nanowires. MRS Bull, 32, 99-108 (2007).
12
Ma, Yaoguang, and Limin Tong. "Optically pumped semiconductor nanowire lasers." Frontiers of Optoelectronics, Vol. 5, 239-247, (2012).
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Johnson J. C., Knutsen K. P., Yan H., Law M., Zhang Y., Yang P., and Saykallym R. J. Ultrafast carrier dynamics in single ZnO nanowire and nanoribbon lasers. Nano Lett., Vol. 4, 197-204, (2004).
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Couteau C., Larrue A., Wilhelm C., and Soci C. Nanowire lasers. Nanophotonics, Vol. 4, 90-107, (2015).
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Ma Y., Guo X., Wu X., Dai L., and Tong L. Semiconductor nanowire lasers. Advances in Optics and photonics, Vol. 5, 216-373, (2013).
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Larrue A., Wilhelm C., Vest G., Combrié S., de Rossi A., and Soci C. Monolithic integration of III-V nanowire with photonic crystal microcavity for vertical light emission. Opt. Express, Vol. 20, 7758, (2012).
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Johnson J. C., Yan H., Choi H.-J., Knutsen K. P., Petersen P. B., Law M., Yang P., and Saykally R. J. Single nanowire waveguides and lasers. Proc. of SPIE, Vol. 5223, 187-196, (2003).
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Snyder A. W. and Love D. Optical waveguide theory. Kiuwer, Bostonm (1983).
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Chen C. –L. Elements of optoelectronics and fiber optics. Chicago, (1966).
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Johnson J. C., Chol H.-J., Knutsen K. P., Schaller R. D., Yang P., F, and Saykally R. J. Single gallium nitride nanowire lasers. Nature Materials, Vol. 1, 106, (2002). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/10871741.
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Chena L. and Toweb E. Coupled optoelectronic modeling and simulation of nanowire lasers. Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 84, 1067, (2004).
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Lopatiuk-Tirpak O., Cernyak L., Xiu F. X., Liu J. L., Jang S., Ren F., Pearton S. J., Gartsman K, Feldman Y., Osinsky A., and Chow P. Studies of minority carrier diffusion length increase in p-type ZnO:Sb. J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 100, 086101, (2006).
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A. Soudi, P. Dhakal and Y. Gu, "Diameter dependence of the minority carrier diffusion length in individual ZnO nanowire," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 96, pp. 253115, (2010).
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Zimmler M. A., Capasso F., Müller S., and Ronning C. Optically pumped nanowire lasers: invited reviewSemiconductor Science and Technology., Vol. 25, 024001, (2010).
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Gradecak S., Qian F., Li Y., Park H.-G., and Lieber C. M. GaN nanowire lasers with low lasing threshols. Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 87, 173111, (2005).
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Maslov A. V. and Ning C. Z. Reflection of guided modes in a semiconductor nanowire laser. Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 83, 1237, (2003).
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Wang M. Q., Huang Y. Z., Chen Q., and Cai Z. P. Analysis of mode quality factors and mode reflectivities for nanowire cavity by FDTD technique. IEEE J. Quantum Electron., Vol. 42, 146-151, (2006).
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Chang S.-W., Lin T.-R., and Chuang S. L. Theory of plasmonic F-P nanolasers. Opt, Express, Vol. 18, 15039-15053, (2010).
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Ma R.-M., Oulton R. F., Sorger V. J. and Zhang X. Plassmon lasers: coherent light source at molecular scales. Laser Photonics Rev., Nol. 7, 1-21, (2013).
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Mobarhan K. S., Ph.D. Test and Characterization of Laser Diodes: Determination of Principal Parameters. Appl. Fiber Optics & Photonics, 1-4, (2007). www.newport.com
40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Anatomical and Histological Comparative Study of The Proventriculus and Histochmisitry of Mucins in Two Species of Birds Which Differ in Nutrient Nature
The present study aimed to identify the anatomical and histological aspects as well as the histochemistery of mucin of glandular stomach of two birds which differ in their feeding habit. These birds are Sturnus vulgaris and Taenipygia guttat using light microscope and histochemical techniques. The anatomical results showed that the glandular stomach in Taenipygia guttat was conical or elongated while it was conical shape in the Sturnus vulgaris. Histologically, the result showed that the wall of the glandular stomach in both birds composed of four layers that comprise the rest of the digestive canal, The mucous layer of the glandular stomach in the two birds consist of folds extending into the glandular stomach cavity which known as mucus folds which is lined by simple epithelial columnar tissue, below it lies the lamina properia which contains superficial glands. While Submucosa is fully occupied with deep gastric glands. Muscularis consist of two layers, The internal circular shape and external longitudinal shape, as well as the serosa covered by mesothelim. Histochemically, the epithelial tissue showed moderate positive response for PAS reaction in both birds indicating the presence of moderate quantities of positive mucus materials for PAS reaction For TB technique epithelial tissue showed a positive response in T. guttat indicating that there isrelatively large amounts of acidic mucopolysaccharides in both birds ,while the epithelial tissue in T.guttat. and S.vulgaris showed positive response for AB PH1, AB ph2.5. techniques respectively. AS for AB-PAS epithelial tissue in both birds showed a positive response indicating the presence of neutral and acidic mucins. Superficial gastric glands in both birds showed positive response for all techniques used, as well as the deep gastric glands which showed positive response in T. guttat and S. vulgaris for PAS techniques, while the AB PH2.5 and TB technique showed similar responses in both birds. AS for AB-PAS technique, positive responses as were shown in both birds, indicating large quantities of mucin in the secretions of these glands.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161184_0e4a4d16cdc865a7bc372a7058aa09b3.pdf
2019-06-03
150
166
10.33899/edusj.2019.161184
Birds
glandular stomach
Mucus
Ameer
Al-Hamdany
1
AUTHOR
Abdulaziz
AL duleemy
2
AUTHOR
1. Al-Juboory, R.W; Dauod, H. A. M, A. S.. Ibn Al-Haitham J. Pure & Appl. Sci. Vol. 29 (2):1-12. (2016).
1
2. Hamdi, H.; EL-Ghareeb, A.; Zaher, M. and AbuAmod, F. Inter. J. of Sci. & Eng. Res.4ISSN 2229-5518. (2013)
2
3. Liman, N.; Alan, E. and Bayram, G.K. J. Anatomy. 217:57–66. (2010)
3
4. Martínez, A.; López, J. and Sesma, P. J. Histochem.32: 63-70. (2000)
4
5. Batah, A. L.; Selman, H. A. and Saddam, M. Diyala Agri. Sci. J. Vol 4 (1): 9 – 16. (2012)
5
6. Selvan, P. S. ; Ushakumary, S. and Ramesh, G. Int. J. Poult. Sci.7: 1112– 1116. (2008).
6
7. Zaher, M.; Ghareep, A.W. E.; Hamdi, H. and AbuAmed, F. Lif. Scie. J.9(3): 201. (2012).
7
8. Frank, H. The Golden Book of Australian birds and mammals. Illustrated by Tony Oliver. Golden Press. p. 44. ISBN 0-7302-0011. (1985).
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9. Higgins, P. J.; Peter, J. M. and Cowling, S. J. eds. Handbook of Australian، New Zealand، and Antarctic Birds. Volumes 7: Boatbill to Starlings. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-553996-6. (2006)
9
10 . ALHajj, H. A.,"optical microscopy preparations" 1st Ed. Aman- Jourdan (2010).
10
11 .Hamd, R. S.M.,M. Sc. Thesis College of Science, University of Tekrit.(2008)
11
12. Al-hamadany, A. M. T. A. Ph.D. Dissertation. College of Education. Mosul University (2012).
12
13 . AL- Jeraisy.F.N.N, M.Sc. College of Education of pure Science. Mosul University.(2017)
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14. Kadhim, K.; Zuki, A.; Noordin, M. and Babjee, S.. Anat. Histol. Embryozl. 40(3): 226-233. (2011).
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15. Rossi, J. R.; Baraldi, S. M.; Oliveira, D.; da Cruz، C.; Franzo, V. S. and Sagula, A. Cienc. Rural. 35:1319–1324. (2005).
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16. ZHU, L. Int. J. Morphol. 33(2): 459-464. (2015).
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17.Al-taee, A. A.. Babylon J. for Pure and Appl Sci. Vol. 25 (3).PP:915-936. (2017).
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18. Jassem, E. S.; Hussein, A. T. and Sawad, A. A. Bas.J.vet.Res.14(4):73-82. (2016).
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19.Fatma, M. A. and Taki-El-Deen..The Egyptian. J. of Hos. Med. Vol. 67(1): 314- 321. (2017).
19
20. El-Sayyad, I. H.. J. Egypt. Ger. Soc. Zool. 16(C): 185-202، 1995. (1995).
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detcetion Of Bacterial Contamination Of Drinking Water In The Right Side Of Mosul City By Multiple Tubes Fermentation Technique.
This study aimed to investigate bacterial contamination of drinking water in the right side of Mosul city using multiple tubes fermentation technique, depending on total coliform count as an indicator, this study takes seven months started from December, 2017 to June, 2018. Three hundered fifteen smples were collected from water purification plants and 12 quarters in the right side of Mosul city include (Msherfa, 17-Tamoz, Al-refaee, Tal- alromman, Al-moa'alemen, Al-shohada'a, Nabls, Al-resala, Al-a'amel, Al-tayaran, Wadi hajar and Al-mansour). The results showed contaminate of water in purification plants during April and May only while the contamination wase in all study months of the water reaching consumers with a rate reaching 40.5% of total samples and the highest was in Al-refaee quarter (71.4%) whereas the lowest reached 14.3% in Nabls quarter, the results also showed variations in the contamination during the study monthes, it's highest in May as it reached 83.3% whereas the lowest was in January as it reached 16.7%. The results of chlorine concentration test showed that the residual chlorine was less than the accepted levels in some quarters formed a ratio reached 32.1%, while it was higher than the accepted level at a ratio of 2.4%, whereas the residual chlorine in 65.5% from total samples was within the accepted level. In this study we isolate and identificate some of the contaminating bacteria such as Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes , Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii and Salmonella typhi , Escherichia coli forming the higher rate 40.8% whereas the lower was Citrobacter freundii 4.1% . Pseudomonas aeruginosa was also isolated in this study at 14.3% of the total isolated bacteria.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161185_adcebb15ff2df2a3869d28cc6e119602.pdf
2019-06-03
167
184
10.33899/edusj.2019.161185
Water pollution
total coliform
MPN
Adeba
AL-Nuaaman
1
LEAD_AUTHOR
Musaab
Al- Ballo
2
AUTHOR
1- Nath, K.J.; Bloomfield, S. and Jones, M., "Household water storage handing and Point of use treatment". International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene (IFH). USA. (2006).
1
2- Al-Tomei, A.S. and Saad, M.A., "Bacteriology Of Drinking Water". Biotechnic Research Center (2008).
2
3- Ayandrian, T.A.; Fawole, O.O. and Dahunsi, S.O., Water resour. and indus. Jour. 19: 13-24(2018).
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4- EOC. Yemen cholera response. Emergency Operation Center, Situation report No.11 (2017).
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5- Nishiura, H.; Tsuzuki, S.; Yuan, B.; Yamaguchi, T. and Asai, Y., Theoretical biology and medical modelling. 14(2017).
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6- Al-Nazal, A.A. ; Hussein, A.A. and khalil, Y.A., Al- Anbar Univer. Jour. For Pure Science, 3(3): 1-7 (2009).
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7- Skipton, S.O.; Dvorak, B.I.; Woldt, W.E. and Wirth, S.L., "Drinking Water: Bacteria". Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lincoln Extension, University of Nebraska (2014).
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8- WSDH. "Coliform bacteria and drinking water" . Washington State Department of Health, division of environmental health, office of drinking water (2016).
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9- WDONR. "Bacteriological contamination of drinking water wells". Wisconsin Department Of Natural Resources , Bureau of drinking water and ground water. Washington, D.C (2017)..
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10- Nollet, L.M.L. "Handbook of water analysis". 2nd ed., CRC press, London. UK (2007).
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11- Talaro, K.P. and Chess, B., "Foundations in Microbiology", 9th ed. McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York (2015).
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12- Black, J.G., "Microbiology: Principles and Explorations", 8th ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., U.S.A (2012). .
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13- Kumar, D.; Malik, S.; Madan, M.; Pandey, A.; Asthana, A.K., IOSR Jour. of Environ. Scien., Toxicology and food techn., 4(3): 17-22 (2013).
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14- APHA. "Standard Method for Examination of water and wastewater". American Public Health Association , 20th ed., Washington DC, USA (1998).
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15- Abbawy, S.A. and Hasan, M.S., " Practical Engineering Of Environment – Water analysis'. Dar Al- Hekma for Priting and Publishing, Mosul-Iraq (1990).
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16- Antony, R.M. and Renuga, F.B., An Interdisciplinary Jour. Of Appli. Scien., 7(2) : 42-48 (2012).
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17- Hammer, Mark J. ; Hammer J. and Mark J., "Water and Wastewater Technology". 5th ed., New Jersey (2004).
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18- Al-Nua'aemy, M.M.M., Msc. Thesis,College Of Scince, University Of Mosul, Iraq (2017). (In Arabic).
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19- Al-Oqaidy, A.J.A., Msc. Thesis,College Of Scince, University Of Mosul, Iraq (2009). (In Arabic).
19
20- Bitton, G., "Wastewater Microbiology". 3ed ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, New Jersey (2005).
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21- Razuki, S. M.M. and AL-Rawi, M.A., Iraq. Jour. For Market Res. and Consumerism 2(4): 98-129 (2010).
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22- Iraqi Regularity Standers Of Drinking Water No.417, 2nd modernnization, Central System for Standerization and Qualitative Control, Ministary of Planing and Development cooperation. Iraq(2009).
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23- Payment, P.; Sieniatycki, J.; Richardson, L.; Renand, G.; France, E. and Prevost, M. Internat. Jour. Of Environ. Health Res., 7: 5-31 (1997).
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24- Sami, Z. and Abdul Ghafoor, M.A.K., JPMA 38: 92-96 (1988).
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25- Hasan, B.K.; Abdulrazaq, S.and Rasheid, A., The Tech. Jour., 3:76-84(1997).
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26- Prasai, T.; Lekhak, B.; Joshi, D.R. and Baral, M.P.,.Scient World, 5(5):112-114 (2007).
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27- MDH. "Coliform bacteria in drinking water". Minnesota Department of Health, Drinking water Protection Section (2016).
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28- Shartoh, S.M.; Hammadi, A.H.; Hasan, R.K.; Abdulmaged, A.A. and Sallom, B.H., Bagh. Jour. For Scien., 8(3): 243-247(2011).
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29- Al- Ta'ei, N.D.S., Msc. Thesis,College Of Education, University Of Mosul, Iraq (2011) (In Arabic).
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30- Alia, T., Teshrein Univer. Jour. For Stud. and Scient. Res.- Engin. Scien. Series, 29(2): 1-13(2007).
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31- Sigee, D.C., "Freshwater Microbiology". John & Sons, LTD. England (2005).
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32- Al- Sngry, M.N. and Al-Mashhadany, Y.D., 1st Scienti. Conf. Of Environ. Res. and Poll. Contr., University Of Mosul, Iraq (2007).
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33- Al- Saffawi, A.Y.T., Al- Utroha Jour. For Environ. Scien., 5:13-25(2018).
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34- Khalaf, S.H., "Aquatic Microbiology", Dar Al- Kotob for Priting and Publishing, College Of Scince, University Of Mosul, Iraq(1987).
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35- Perice, J.J.; Weiner, R.F. and Vesilind, P.A. "Environmental pollution and control". 4th ed. McCGraw-Hill Book Company, New York(1998).
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36- WHO., "Water Treatment and pathogen control process deficiency in achieving safe Drinking water", 8th ed. published by IWA , London. UK(2004).
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37- Mohammad, M.A. and Hamid, S.L., 1st Scienti. Conf. Of College Of Environmental Sceinces and It's University Of Mosul, Iraq(2009).
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38- Gang, D.; Clevenger, T. E. and Banerji, S.K.,. Jour. Of Hazardous Materiales, 96:1-12 (2003).
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39- Al-Jelawi, S.F., Karbala Univer. Jour., 2(6): 109-121(2004).
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40- Procop, G.W.; Church, D.L.; Hall, G.S.; Janda,W.M.; Koneman, E.W.; Schreckenberger, P.C.; and Woods, G.L.. Koneman's color atlas and textbook of diagnostic microbiology. 7th ed. Wolters Kluwer Health, Philadelphia (2017).
40
41- Al-Azawi, A.H.S., Msc. Thesis,College Of Scince, University Of Mosul, Iraq (1998). (In Arabic)
41
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Insecticidal activity of aqueous extracts of some medicinal plants on stages of south beetle beans Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.)
The current study examines the effect of six concentrations of aqueous extracts which are 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% of four medicinal plants on the biological aspects of south beetle beans Callosobruchus maculatus. These plants belong to the family Umbellifera, they are: Coriandor Coriandrum sativum, Cumin Cuminum cyminum, Fennel Foericulum vulgare and Anise Pimpinella anisum. The activity test of these plants was done by soaking chickpeas seeds (the food of the insect) in the previous extracts. The aqueous extracts of Coriandor, Fennel and Anise cause 100% killing of the larval and pupal stages at 25% concentration. The treatment had a significant effect on some of the biological aspects of the first generation pregnancy, since the female productivity decreased to 20.53% at the concentration 25%. Also egg retention occurred in anise treatment. While the productivity of control treatment was 79.26%, also eggs retention was occurred in the female of the southern cowpea beetle which reached 41.70% in Anise treatment at the concentration 2.5%. The study proved that the almost of the above treatments affected the eggs viability of the first generation females.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161186_96cc54a340c321453b77743e1a1569ed.pdf
2019-06-03
185
195
10.33899/edusj.2019.161186
Cowpea
coriandor
cumin
Fennel
anise
south beetle beans
Adnan
Mohammed
adnanmosa29@yahoo.com
1
AUTHOR
Doaa
Abdul-Rahman
2
AUTHOR
1. Ismail A. Y., Arab. Plant Protec. J., 24(1): 28-31(2006). (In Arabic).
1
2. Mohammed K.S. and Tariq M.S. Arabic Plant Protec. J., 25(2): 138-141 (2007). (In Arabic).
2
3. Mohammed A. M., M.Sc. Thesis, College of Agriculture, University of Mosul (1980). (In Arabic).
3
4. Oplinger E.S., Hardman L.L., Oelke E.A., Kaminshi A. R., Schulte and Doll J.D. Chickpea (garbanzo bean), http://FAO.Chickpea.Htm. (1990)
4
5. Wright D.P., Antifeedants. In CW.W. Kilgore and R. L. Doutt (eds.) “Pest control: Biological physical and selected chemical methods”. Academic Press, New York pp.287-293(1967)
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6. Ishimoto M., Sato T., Chrispeels M. and Kitamura K., J. Entomolgic Experiment –alis et Applicata, 79: 309-315 (1996)
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7. Riose J.L., Recio M.C. and Villar A., J. Ethm. Pharmacol., 21:143-152 (1987)
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8. Szentest A., Acta phytopath. Acad. Sci. Hungoricac, 7(4):453-463(1972)
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9. Ma D., Zalucki M. and Gordh G. Report to Rhone–poulence Rural Australia PTX Ltd, Report-II: 25-38 (2002)
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10. SAS Institute, SAS/user's Guide: Statistics. Version. SAS Institute, Inc. Cary, NC. USA (1996)
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11.Al-rawi K. and Abdul-Aziz K.A., Design and analysis of Agriculture Experiments. Dar Al-kutb for printing and publishing, University of Mosul (2000)
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12.Derkyi S.A. and Owusu-akyaw M., Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 4(3):616-623(2010)
12
13.Abdulla S.W., M.Sc. Thesis, College of Education, University of Mosul (2014).
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14. Khalaf J.M. Dhiqar Univer. J., 8(2): 150-162 (2013). (In Arabic).
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15. Al-Awadi A.H.A., Dhiqar J., 5(2): 19-30 (2015). (In Arabic).
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16. Al-Rubiae H.Y.M. and Al-Rubiae H.M.K., Univer. Babylon J. Pure Appl. Sci., 22(8): 2084-2093(2014). (In Arabic).
16
17. Rockstein M. “Biochemistry of Insects”. Academic Press, London pp. 430 (1978)
17
18. Aboua L. Roi N., Seri-Kouassi, Badama P., and Kona H. Koualou J. Sci. Res., 39(2): 243-250 (2010)
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19. Mohammod I.A. and Majeed I.I., Iraqi J. Market Res. Consum. Protec., 6(1):127-141(2014).(in Arabic).
19
20. Issa A. A., Tikrit J. Agri. Sci., 16(4): 127-141 (2016). (In Arabic).
20
21. Ibrahim H.K. and Al-delimi B.M.M., Tikrit J. Pure Sci., 21(7):42-49 (2016). (In Arabic).
21
22. Sakar S.H., Hadi M.H. and Hasan O.K., J. Univ. Babylon Pure Sci. Appl. Eng. Sci., 26(1):30-36(2018).(In Arabic).
22
23. Jayakumar, M.J. Pest Sci. 81(4):220-213 (2010).
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24. Al-Joubori R.K.I., Iraqi University: Basic Educ. J., 23(97):165-176 (2017). (In Arabic).
24
25. Daood A. S., Mohammed B.M. and Abdul-Jabbbar H.D., Tikrit J. Pure Sci., 15(1): 81-91(2010). (In Arabic).
25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Use of Original and Hybrid Flower Pollination Algorithm In Estimating The Parameters of Software Reliability Growth Models
In order to assess software reliability, many software reliability growth models (SRGMs) have been used for estimation of reliability growth. . In this work, the parameters of (SRGMs) were estimated by using Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA). Then, the (FPA) was hybrid with Real Coded Genetic Algorithm (RGA) to obtain Hybrid FPA (HFPA). The results that obtained from (FPA) are compared to the results of five algorithms: Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), the Dichotomous Artificial Bee Colony (DABC), Classic Genetic Algorithm (CGA) and the Modified Genetic Algorithm (MGA). The results showed that (FPA) outperformed the rest of the algorithms in parameters estimating accuracy and performance using identical datasets. Sometimes, the (DABC) showed better performance than (FPA). Other comparisons were made between (FPA) and (HFPA) and the results show that the hybrid algorithm outperformed the original one.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161189_383a34ac5e2a0b49f8ec22efc8c0f792.pdf
2019-06-03
196
218
10.33899/edusj.2019.161189
swarm intelligence
Software Reliability Models
Jamal
Alneamy
1
AUTHOR
Marwah
Dabdoob
2
AUTHOR
من أجل تقییم وثوقیة البرمجیات ، تم استعمال العدید من نماذج نمو وثوقیة البرمجیات (Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs)) لتخمین نمو الوثوقیة. فی هذا العمل ، تم تخمین معلمات الـ (SRGMs) باستعمال خوارزمیة تلقیح الزهرة (Flower Pollination Algorithm(FPA)). ثم تم تهجین الـ (FPA) مع الخوارزمیة الجینیةReal) Coded Genetic Algorithm(RGA))) للحصول على خوارزمیة الزهرة المهجنة (Hybrid FPA (HFPA)).
1
تمت مقارنة النتائج التی تم الحصول علیها من خوارزمیة (FPA) مع نتائج خمس
2
خوارزمیات وهی: خوارزمیة سرب الطیور (Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)) ، خوارزمیة مستعمرة النحل (Artificial Bee Colony (ABC)) والخوارزمیة المطورة منها (Dichotomous ABC(DABC))، الخوارزمیة الجینیة الکلاسیکیة (Classic Genetic Algorithm (CGA)) والخوارزمیة المحدثة منها (Modified Genetic Algorithm (MGA)).
3
أظهرت النتائج تفوق خوارزمیة (FPA) على باقی الخوارزمیات فی تخمین المعلمات من إذ الدقة والأداء وباستعمال بیانات متطابقة. فی بعض الأحیان ، أظهرت خوارزمیة الـ (DABC) أداء أفضل من (FPA).
4
وبالتالی تم إجراء مقارنات أخرى بین (FPA) و (HFPA) وأظهرت النتائج تفوق الخوارزمیة المهجنة على الخوارزمیة الأصلیة من إذ الدقة وسرعة الأداء.
5
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Derivative UV-Spectroscopic Studies of some Schiff Bases in Absolute Ethanol
According to the biological and industrail importance of Schiff bases compounds , a new simple and accurate UV spectrophotometric method was established for the studied and determination of the Schiff bases compounds formed from the reaction between aromatic aldehydes compounds and P-toluenesulphonamide , depending on the zero and fourth derivative mode techniques . The zeroth and fourth order derivative spectra of the Schiff bases : [benzylidine (compound I) , 3, 4 – dimethoxybenzylidine (compound II) and 2 ,6 – dichorobenzylidine (compound III)] p-toluenesulphonamid , were recorded in absolute ethanol for series of different concentration solutions . The calibration curves were ploted which result in astraight lines obeying Beers – Lambert law with R2 values and R.S.D for compound I . II and III . These values indicate that these techniques having good sensitivity and precision for the quantification of these Schiff bases .
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161211_077ab0140b65dfbcfd5cda14cfddad45.pdf
2019-06-05
219
232
10.33899/edusj.2019.161211
fourth order
Schiff base
p-toluenesulphonamid
Amel G.
Abed
amalabed301@yahoo.com
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Preparation and Characterization of Co(II), Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II) Complexes with Unsymmetrical Tetradentate Schiff Bases Ligands
Complexes of Co(II), Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II) with unsymmetrical tetradentate schiff bases ligands H2L1 =2-(1Z)- (8-(2-hydroxy benzylidene amino)naphthalen-1-ylimino) methyl) -6- methoxy phenol, H2L2 =2-((E) -1-(8-(Z)-2- hydroxyl benzylidene amino) naphthalen -1- ylimino) ethyl) phenol and H2L3= 1-((8-((Z) -2-hydroxy benzylidene amino) naphthalen -1- ylimino) methyl) naphthalene-2-ol, have been prepared in (1:1) (L: M) molar ratio and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, spectral method (I.R, electronic, 1H-NMR), magnetic measurements and metal content analysis. The spectral data suggest that the ligands behave as a dibasic tetradentate ligands with ONNO donor, and coordinate with the metal ion to form mononuclear complexes via the oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the phenolic group and azomethine group respectively. Conductivity data in DMF solution showed that all complexes are non-electrolyte. Magnetic moment and electronic spectra data suggested square planar geometry for all complexes .
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161212_75404eec478ca00579c950b7eade3687.pdf
2019-06-05
233
248
10.33899/edusj.2019.161212
Schiff base
Tetradentate
Unsymmetrical
K.Sh.
AL-nama
al-numa3@yahoo.com
1
AUTHOR
E.M.
AL Nidaa
israaalnada230@yahoo.com
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The collective Properties of Even-Even164-174 W Isotopes
Ground states bands (GSB) and negative parity band (NPB) of isotopes have been calculated. Bohr-Mottelson (BM), Interacting boson approximation-1(IBM-1) and Interacting vector boson model (IVBM) were used for this purpose. The principal excited state ( ) and the proportion of the second to the primary excited state provide primary information about the properties of the nucleus. The ratio of the gamma energy, over spin of each state as a function of the angular momentum (E-GOS), has been assessed to decide the ground states property of each nucleus. The ratio of energies of ( ) and ( ), states as a function of the angular momentum , have been attracted to decide numerically the properties of the ground states band of all states and all nuclei. The staggering between octupole band and ground state band is found to display a beat pattern as a function of angular momentum . The methods which were used, showed the transitional U(5)-O(6) properties of , the general properties that U(5)-O(6)-SU(3) of , and the transitional properties O(6)-SU(3) of ; while showed the SU(3) properties.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161213_b61ad218979b0a004b6250764cb8b010.pdf
2019-06-05
249
258
10.33899/edusj.2019.161213
E-GOS Curves
The ratio between the energies of J and J+2
IBM-1
IVBM
Muyasser
Fadil
1
AUTHOR
Imad
Ahmed
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Contrast Enhancement in Gray Level Images
Contrast enhancement is a very important step in image processing, pattern recognition and computer vision .Histogram Equalization (HE) is widely used for contrast Enhancement . This paper discussed five techniques of contrast enhancement, i.e. Histogram Equalization (HE), Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE), Brightness preserving Bi_Histogram Equalization (BBHE), Dualistic Sub_Image Histogram Equalization (DSIHE) and Recursive Sub_Image Histogram equalization (RSIHE). Also it presented the comparison among the various techniques that show the image enhances the overall contrast and visibility of local details, by using two measures: Peak-Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (PSNR) and Absolute Mean Brightness Error (AMBE) to check the signal and brightness power respectively. This work is programmed by MATLAB VER.7.8.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161214_20f2eea6f36ee38c71d3b48b01bfd539.pdf
2019-06-05
259
281
10.33899/edusj.2019.161214
: Histogram Equalization
contrast enhancement
HE
CLAHE
BBHE
DSIHE
RSIHE
Duha
Sultan
duhaasultan@uomosul.edu.iq
1
AUTHOR
Alhan
Yonis
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
On i-Continuous Functions
In this paper we prove that the function is i-open if it is injective, surjective and i-continuous from i-compact topological space into -space. Further, we define and find the relationship among some i-separation axioms such as, and.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161215_12d59525cd3ee6b1d117eafb7fc5d3a7.pdf
2019-06-05
282
288
10.33899/edusj.2019.161215
i-continuous function
i-compactness
i-open function
Sabih
W. Askandar
sabeehqaqus@yahoo.com
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Spectrophotometric Determination of Ibuprofen and Nystatin Via Ion Pair Complex Formation Using Chromotrope 2R
This research paper tackles a developed method for Ibuprofen and Nystatin drugs determination both in their pure form and pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method is based on the formation of binary complexes (ion association complexes) between the above drugs and Chromotrope 2R (C2R) in acidic medium forming a reddish orange colour. The complexes show maximum absorption at 562 nm and 566 nm for Ibuprofen and Nystatin respectively. The method was adhering to the Beer's law over concentration range 10-90 and 2-40 μg/ml with molar absorptivity values 1.36×103 and 7.59×103 l. mol-1. cm-1and average recovery 99.77% and 100.60 % for the above mentioned drugs respectively. No observed interferences appeared from the excipients commonly existed in pharmaceuticals. Successfully, application for both Ibuprofen and Nystatin was conducted in their pharmaceutical formulations.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_161532_2152ee7b51d680e12fd38c619c665eac.pdf
1970-01-01
289
299
10.33899/edusj.1970.161532
Ion association
spectrophotometry
Ibuprofen, Nystatin, Chromotrope 2R
Intisar
Shihab
entesar@uomosul.edu.iq
1
Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Girls, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
LEAD_AUTHOR
Theiaa
Al-Sabha
2
Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Compare Between Genetic Algorithm and Clonal Selection Algorithm To Pattern Recognition Latin's Numbers
Abstract This work involves the use some of Artificial intelligence techniques algorithms which are genetic algorithm and artificial immune system algorithm- clonal selection algorithm. A comparison was done between the original mode of the Latin number and the distorted modes applied for the same number and with the use of above algorithms. Mode results obtained from implementing both algorithms showed that the artificial immune system algorithm(Clonal selection algorithm) was good and 85% in getting closer modes to that of the applied Latin number original mode. Both above algorithms are based on optimization principle in getting the results.
https://edusj.mosuljournals.com/article_162121_facfd07e18f415d990b98078d138ca49.pdf
1970-01-01
300
315
10.33899/edusj.1970.162121
Patterns Recognition
genetic algorithm
Artificial Immune System(AIS)
Clonal Selection Algorithm
Maha
Mohammed
1
Department of Computer and Mathematics, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
LEAD_AUTHOR