Vol. 23 No. 3 (2010)
Articles
Abstract: Abstract In this research Sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) was partially purified from sera of patients with type I diabetes mellitus by dialysis and ion exchange chromatography step by step. One peak of SDH activity was obtained with specific activity of 40.065 unit/mg protein and with purification fold of 98.9 compared to crud enzyme. Inhibition of SDH was studied by Glibenclamide and Rosiglitazone drugs, the best concentration of both inhibiters was 6mM. The mechanism of SDH inhibition by using both drugs were noncompetitive. There is no change in Km value 100 mM. Vmax value without inhibitor was 22.175 but 13.634 and 14.615 unit/ml with Glibenclamide and Rosiglitazone respectively. Accordingly, the inhibition constant Ki was calculated and appeared 7mM for both inhibitors above. Finally, we propose that action of these drugs may contribute to decrease patients with type I diabetes complications through inhibition SDH which plays an important role in polyol pathway.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This study was conducted to isolate Toxoplasma gondii from aborted placentae of ewes, & follow up the histopathological changes that produced in some different organs such as liver, brain & eyes of rats which inoculated experimentally by suspension of the parasite. Histopathological changes in brain represented by presence of tachyzoites & tissue cyst at 30/45 days post infection associated with encephalomeningitis–while in liver, the lesions characterized by presence of perivascular & periductular cuffing of tachyzoites associated with pyknotic nuclei of hepatocytes. Moreover, in the eye tachyzoites & tissue cyst has been seen invaded in extraocular muscles, congestion of blood vessels with lymphocytic infiltration and retinochoroiditis, also has been seen.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Two Trichoderma spp. (T.harzianum and T.viride) which are well known for their use as biocontrol agents were used in this study and tested for their antagonistic activity against several plant pathogenic (and even human pathogenic) fungi, also the activity was tested against selected Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The proper conditions for the production of the antifungal compound were determined, and after the production and extraction of the antifungal compounds from the two Trichoderma spp., an attempt to partially characterize the nature of the antifungal compound(s) was done using several chemical analysis methods, and the results showed that the inhibition was due to the production of antifungal compounds that had many similar characteristics for both T.harzianum and T. viride but with a difference in their antifungal actions.
Abstract: Abstract This study provides novel information on the role of castration and testosterone hormone replacement at (5ng/kg B. Wt.) in rats in the parameters each of red blood corpuscles count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocytes indexes, total leucocytes count, differential leucocytes count, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, alanine aminotransferase enzyme activity, total proteins, albumin, globulin, glucose and body weight parameters in rats. Castration of the rats caused a significant decrease in red blood corpuscles, hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume; accompanied with significant increased mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, total number of leucocytes, and percentage of neutrophils and low percentage of lymphocytes compared with control group. Treatment with testosterone hormone caused significant increased in red blood corpuscles, hemoglobin concentration and packed cells volume and significant decreased in total number of leucocytes, neutrophils and increased in the number of lymphocytes. The present study showed a significant increase in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein in castrated rats group compared with control value. Administration of testosterone hormone caused significant decreased in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low density lipoproteins compared with castrated rats group. The current study showed no significant differences between groups in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, high density lipoproteins, total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, alanine aminotrasferase enzyme activity and body weights .We concluded from this study that castration of the rats produced significant effects in certain blood constituent and lipid profile. Moreover administration of testosterone hormone reversed the adversed effects caused by castration.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determined the effect of curcuma longa (C-longa) as antioxidant and antiatherogenic in male rats after treated with 0.5% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in order to induced atherosclerosis oxidative stress have been investigated via estimation of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione (GSH) in aorta and liver tissues as indirect lipid peroxidation index. The results elucidate significant elevation in GSH concentration parallel significant reduction in MDA concentration in aorta and liver tissues as well as increase in HDL-C and decrease in LDL-C in serum of male rats treated with C-longa and H2O2. Histological finding resulted less improvement in histological picture, reduction in lipid vacuoles in both internal and medial layers associated with proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) but it not reach to normal tissue.
Abstract: ABSTRACT New derivatives of acetylenic amines containing salicylate group have been synthesized through Mannich reaction which involved reaction of propargyl salicylate with paraformaldehyde and secondary amines.The structural formula of the synthesized compounds have been investigated by physical and spectroscopic methods.
Abstract: Abstract The assessment of physicochemical and biological conditions at five sites in Kasnazan impoundment water were conducted at monthly interval during August 2004 to February 2005, in order to know the degree of deterioration of water quality caused by anthropogenic activities in the area. Depending on statistical analysis water quality changes showed significant differences (P<0.05) in conductivity, pH, PO4, SiO2 and phytoplankton density between site 1 and other studied sites. In addition to a positive relationship between chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton density was observed. Generally, principal component analysis (PCA) showed that water quality was impacted by fertilizer and detergents.
Abstract: Abstract Villena's theorem ensure the automatic continuity of a derivation on a non-associative H*-algebra with zero annihilator. In this paper, we formulate the Jewell-Sinclair theorem in a non-associative content, and we show that the Villena's theorem may be also followed from our formulation of such theorem.
Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we propose a modified version of the shifted VM algorithms where the matrices have the form where and are symmetric positive semi definite matrices, usually , is obtained from to satisfy the shifted modified quasi-Newton condition ,we consider our new QN-condition the form , where , and we derive of the modified algorithms. Experimental results indicate that the new proposed algorithms were efficient than the both standard BFGS & the shifted BFGS- algorithms.
Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we have investigated a new scaling parameter in the standard memoryless L-BFGS algorithm. This new consideration is compared with the standard L-BFGS method under the assumption of the L-BFGS method with m=3, and by using ten nonlinear different dimensionality test problems. The new modification performs very effective numerical results compared with the standard algorithm.
Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we consider the construction of the sextic splines function which interpolating the lacunary data. Also, under suitable conditions, we show that the existence and uniqueness of the solution. The convergence analysis of this spline function is studied and the error bounds are derived. This spline function applied to find an approximate value of a given function and its derivatives through six orders. A numerical example has been given to show the applicability and efficiency of the new proposed technique.
Abstract: ABSTRACT The kernel of Windows operating system provides high-level applications with the low-level functionality needed to perform system operations. This functionality referred to as system services. So, Controlling these services gives the ability to monitor and control important activities of the operating system. This research presents kernel hooking technique that is one of the most efficient and used technique to achieve system services monitoring. The aim of the research is how the operating system can be programmatically monitored and controlled on a system-wide basis by means of kernel hooking. This technique was implemented in a device driver by accessing SSDT (System Service Descriptor Table) to gain the ability for manipulating and change number of effective kernel services for monitoring programs execution, deletion operations and processes termination in the system. The work has been run successfully on Windows XP SP2 and developed using DDK (Driver Development Kit) for device driver implementation and Visual C++ version 6.0 for application implementation. So, when the application is executed, programs execution, deletion, and processes termination operations have been controlled, and gives user the capability to permit performing these operations or canceling them.
Abstract: ABSTRACT The research tackled the classical problem in artificial intelligence as 8-puzzle problem with genetic algorithm. The research present the fundamental of genetic algorithm with sliding tile 8-puzzle problem. Starting from current state for state space search into a goal state by depending on the tile’s move (tiles out of place) in the current and compare with the solution of the problem (goal), without blank’s move. population size chose by the summation of probabilities misplaced tile’s move (tiles out of place) in current state comparing with goal state. In this research, depended on the Crossover and mutation for ordered chromosomes method. The experimental in this research show that the algorithm is efficient. The source code is written in Matlab language.
Abstract: Abstract The project deals with the determination of ionization constants Ka for ten acidic compounds derived from benzoyl acetone and dimedone by conductivity method in water and ethanol solvents. These acids are in forms of monoxime, dioxime and phenolic Schiff bases. The calculated relative constants Kr for each acid are obtained by dividing the ionization constant in ethanol by its value in water and at constant temperatures. The Kr values collected have less than unity. A direct linear plots are obtained between pKa for any acid versus the dielectric constant of ethanol at the five different temperatures. The results are discussed in detail.
Abstract: Abstract The project deals with the determination of ionization constants Ka for ten acidic compounds whose nomenclatures and structures are seen in the text, derived from benzoyl acetone and dimedone by using conductivity method. These compounds are in forms of monoxime, dioxime and phenolic Schiff bases having phenolic groups in ortho, meta and para positions on the aromatic rings. The relative values of ionization constants Kr are calculated in water for the three systems mentioned at five different temperatures and showed a different relationships. The thermodynamic parameters of ionization for acids are also estimated. This shows that the process of ionization of acidic compounds under study in water solvent is non spontaneous (+ΔG), endothermic (+ΔH) and is accompanied by an increase of order (-ΔS) for the ionization systems. Finally a suitable interpretations for any one of these thermodynamic parameters are given and discussed.
Abstract: ABSTRACT The study investigated the effect of the lipopolysaccharide, (LPS) extracted from Klebsiella pneumoniae, on immune response of BALB/c mice infected with secondary hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. The immunopathological changes accompanied with secondary hydatid disease in mice treated with LPS were followed in comparison with the positive control group (mice infected with hydatid disease but not treated with LPS before infection) along 5-3 months period of the experiments. Criteria taken into consideration included the specific cellular immune response, expressed by the change in the delayed-type hypersensitivity (footpad thickness) and humoral immune response expressed by antibody titer, were also considered. Results of the present study revealed an increase in the specific cellular and humoral immune response, expressed by an increase in the delayed type hypersensitivity (footpad thickness) and the titer of the antibody, respectively, in treated mice. Therefore, it may be concluded that the lipopolysaccharide extracted from Klebsiella pneumoniae may possess some stimulating effect on both specific cellular and humoral immune response against infection with hydatid disease.
Abstract: Abstract The present study investigation the ground water sited in Mosul city in Nineveh government and some others in its suburb. The aim of the study is to determining the type of chemical and physical characteristics in addition to the validity of this type of ground water for various purposes. For this purpes16 wells were chosen for four months samples from each was takes at rainy season this period at April 2008 to July 2008 Out of these 6was chosen to study the number of bacteria. The result reveals that water of most wells were classified as hard to very hard and also its water are not suitable for drinking and Industrial uses. According to classification system for irrigations water. All wells of sample were classified as C3S1 and C4S1, sodality percentage in all wells were less than 70%.
Abstract: ABSTRACT The results of the present study revealed significant effect of al-coholic extracts of the leaves of Teucrium polium; the fruits of Citrus aurantifolia and Capsicum annum at the concentrations 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg/ml for T. polium; the concentrations 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 mg/ml, for C. aurantifolia and the concentrations 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2 and 2.25 mg/ml, for C. annum on the viability of the protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus of sheep origin in vitro. Hence the concentration 30 mg/ml for T. polium caused the death of all protoscoleces in 30, 45, 60 minuets, respectively, the concentration 25 mg/ml caused the same result in 60 minuets, while the concentration 15 mg/ml of C. aurantifolia reduced the viability of the protoscoleces to 10.33% in 60 minutes and the concentration 2.5 mg/ml of C. annum reduced the viability of the protoscoleces to 11.0% in 60 minutes.
Abstract: Abstract The present study comprised the histological structure of the retina, especially the pigment epitheiium and photoreceptor cells, in the eye of the frog Rana ridibunda ridibunda pallas. On the other hand the study include the effect of exposure to three different wave lengths of the visible light (blue, green and yellow) at 510,525,580 nm of at wave lengths and light intensity, 20,80,100 lux respetively on the pigment epithelium and photoreceptor cells of the retina. The time of exposure was ten continuos weeks. The results revealed that the retina of the frog emposed of eight layers & two membranes as that of the other vertebrates. The pigment epithelium arranged as the row of columnar cells which separate the choroids and retina. The photoreceptor cell layer composed of rods and cones. Two types of rods appeared which were adominant red rods and green rods as in some other amphibia. There were two types of cones which were double & single cones which consist of oil droplet at the apex of ellipsoid portions. The results of light exposure revealed that the blue light injuries appeared after one week which were adecrease in melanin granules and increase in phagosomes as well as the injuried of outer segments of photoreceptor cells. The injuried increased as the time of exposure prolonged. After seven weeks the injuries were rod outer segments shortening, cone thining,rod myoid pyknosis and swelling of nuclei of some cones. After ten weeks of exposure awide damage appeared in the pigment epithelium and photoreceptor cells, and phagocytes appeared in the location of damage and the nuclei degenerated and necroted. The exposure to green and yellow light also incluced injuries in the pigment epithelium layer and photoreceptor cells layer, some similar to that of the blue light but less acute. On the other hand the injuries of green light more sever than that of the yellow light.
Abstract: ABSTRACT The results after using three drugs (Chloropromizone, Clarithromycin and Ciprodar) with concentrations (0.5%, 0.25% and 0.125%) showed inhibitory effect for each concentration for the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro and in 0.5% concentration in the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis during 24 hours, after comparison of these drugs with metraonidazole (in 0.1% concentration) which was recommended for treatment of trichomonasis.
Abstract: ABSTRACT In this work, the electrical prporties of Poly Methyl Meth Acrylates (PMMA) has been studies under the application of direct and alternating electrical field at different temperature. Morever conduction mechanism in direct field were investageted. The current voltage characterstic for PMMA sample has been studies at different temperature. The results show that the current leakage increases as the applied voltage and temperature increase. It was also found three regions appeared in the I-V characterstic with different slops, their values approxametaly equal (1, 2 and 23) respectivly. Accordingly, one can say the conduction mechanism in this study is space charge limited current (sclc). The breakdown voltage were found for the sample at temperature 20Cº, 40Cº, 60Cº and 90Cº equal to 2000V, 1200V, 1600V and 1500V respectivly. The study of dielectric properties of PMMA has been done by measuring the capacitance and conductance as a function of frequency. The experimetal results show that dielectrical constants( ), dielectrical loss ( ) and loss tangent (tan ) decreases as the frequency increases. While their values increases the temperature increases. The variation of loss tangent with frequency as show that the peak frequency was shifted to higher frequencies with an increase of temerature.
Abstract: Abstract A parallel-coupled band pass filter is presented in this work. The filter was designed at center frequency of 2GHz, on two different substrate (r=9) and (r=16) with thickness (h=0.635mm). A brief description of design calculation steps is also included. Filter's response is characterized and their performance was compared from the output results like insertion loss, VSWR and bandwidth frequency. The Insertion loss and VSWR for substrate (r=9) were (-1.24dB) and (1.5dB) respectively and the bandwidth was (960MHz). Where for (r=16) the output results were to (-2.8dB), (2.5dB) and (800MHz) respectively. The Q-factor and filters size were reduces as r and electrical losses increases for a certain filter design.
Abstract: ABSTRACT The aim of this work is to study some fundamental of tracks experimentally and theoretically in the detector CR-39 of thickness 250 µm, A computer program (TRACK-TEST) was used for calculating track parameters. The results show that a maximum energy lost is occurred when the energy of alpha particles is about 1.5 MeV, The tracks tip for incident alpha energies 1 and 1.5 MeV appeared in a spherical phase which is called over etch step at etch time 2hr, while a sharp phase for energies 5.5,4.5,3.5,2.5 MeV was investigated, The maximum track depth was found experimentally is about (1.5)MeV, while the calculated value of this depth was found about (2.5)MeV.