Abstract: The preparation of series of complex chloride of the type R2[M"C14] or R2[M"'C16], when R = M" = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu , Zn, M'" = Fe, and Cr has been carried out. The conductivity, IR, Uv-visible spectra, magnetic susceptibility and elemental microanalysis of pyrrolium complex salts have been studied and it is concluded that tetrachloro complex salts of Mn", Co", Ni", Cu" have tetrahedral geometry, while Cr1" and Fe1" are hexa chloro complex salts were obtained and have octahedral geometry

Abstract: In this paper we investigate the existence and approximation of the periodic solutions for nonlinear systems of differential equations with retarded argument, by using the method of periodic solutions of ordinary differential equation which are given be A. M, Somilenko .

Abstract: In this work activated carbon of a good quality prepared using oxidation condensation process. The oxidation of the asphaltic materials was conducted using several percentage of NaIO4 and in the presence of a stream of air or oxygen. The reaction mixture was heated at 3 50°C for 3hrs, this followed by removal of uncarbonized materials by heating under reduced pressure. The condensation of the fractions obtained is expected to recombine or re-react to give a high carbon content. The carbonization and activation was conducted at 550±25°C for3hrs. by mixing with NaOH, and the ratio of the feedstock to NaOH (1:2). After the carbonization was completed, the reaction mixture was subjected to purification by treatment with 10% HC1 and distilled water till it gives neutral test to the litmus paper. The samples were dried at 120°C for 24hr. and its physical properties were determined. The research work indicated that a good quality activated carbon was obtained when the oxidation of sample was conducted using 3%

Abstract: a- amylase was purified from Abena - 48 wheat flour treated by Tribolium confusum using heat treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation (NH4)2SO4, dialysis and anion exchanger chromatography DEAE-cellulose. .Five isoenzymes were optained I, II, III, IV & V with elution volume of 30, 30, 40, 40, & 20 ml respectively, and with specific activity of 105120, 97333, 67384, 75703 & 85800 mu/mg protein respectively compared with the crude enzyme. Effects of some inhibitors and activators on the a- amylase isoenzymes activity were studied. Phenyl hydrazine showed an inhibitory effect between (66.7-77.8)%, EDTA snowed an inhibitory effect between (29.6-96.5)%, while the hydrochloric acid showed and inhibitory effect between (49.6-70.0)%. Heavy metal ions showed a different inhibitory effects on the a- amylase isoenzymes activity Cu+2 showed an inhibitory effect between (8.5-46.1)%, while Fe+2 showed an inhibitory effect between (4.8-57.6)%. No inhibitory effect was shown for iodoacetamide on the a- amylase ' isoenzymes activity, and insignificant inhibitory effect was shown with Triglycerate. Calcium and chloride ions showed activitory effects on the a- amylase isoenzymes activity I, II, III, IV & V. Ca+2 showed an activitory effect between (37.2-85.2)%, while CI showed an activitory effect between (31.0-91.1)%.

Abstract: Swiss albino nice Mus musculus rvere injected, intraperitoneally, with hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) of human origin and its toxin fractions (TFs) at two concentrations (10 and 50 prglnir). obvious changes in the rveight and organ index of liver, spleen and lyrlph nodes of the injected tnice , in addition to histopathological changes , were observed. Results obtained indicate that there is a relationship between appearance of pathological lesions and changes in weight and organ index orur" above mentioned organs.

Abstract: In this study two major groups of albino adult male rats (3-4 months old and 155-262g weight) were used as experimental model for this study. First group contains five healthy rats used as healthy control group. Second group consisted of twenty rats with atherosclerosis induced by hydrogen peroxide and cholesterol, which was further subdivided into four subgroups with five rats in each. First subgroup was orally treated with sunflower oil alone and considered atherosclerosis control group, the second subgroup was treated with 300mg clofibrate drug/kg rat body weight and considered hypolipidemic standard reference group, third and fourth subgroups were orally treated with 5.23 and 10.45mg acetic acid/kg body weight, respectively. Blood samples were collected from retro-ocular eye vein by using heparinized capillary tubes. Plasma total lipid (TL), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) and liver total cholesterol (TC) were determined. Nutritional status of the rats was estimated throughout body weight gain and apparent digestibility. Analysis of variance and Duncan test showed that, the acetic acid caused an increase in plasma TL, TC, very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-c+LDL-c), atherogenic indices, and liver TC values and a decrease in plasma HDL-c. Furthermore, body weight losses and bad nutritional status were recorded. Therefore, acetic acid was regarded as a hyperlipidemic material.

Abstract: In this study the instantaneous values of the total solar radiation find dropping on the horizontal surface foe Bani-Waleed town were measured using solar cell (6,25 xlO"' m ) apparatus, at every hour of the day (luring two months (from 1-12-99 to 1-2-2000) by measuring the voltage and current for the solar cell and by comparison with apparatus in weather observance station in Tripoli, it was found thai correction factor for the cell equals to (9.68) , sunshine ratio for Lv.cember 1999 was 67% and for January 2000 was 80% .

Abstract: The present investigatiorr includecl isolation and cliagnosis of the nricro-organistn Salmonella fi'orrr diarrhoeal cases, Specimens were collected frorn (300) patients during rhe period July 2000- March 2oot. The fbllowirrg serotypes S. typhimurium (55%), S. typhi (20 %) , S. hato (15 %) and S. anatum (10 %) were isolatecl. 'rhe infection wasconcentrated in age -classes rangirrg r)'onr (2-5) year.s which reached(35oh) and was followed by the class ranging frorn (6- l2) rnonths whichslrowed (25%).The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of potrregranate shells showedhigh inhibitory effect on the selected serotypes of Salmonella. Theminimurn inhibitory concentration (MIC) of aqueous extract ofporne-eranate shells against the serotype S. 4;pl-ri was (0.1) rng/crn3 and S.rytphimut'ium (0.5) mg/cmr and (0.5) nrg/imr ; (0.0625) mg/cmr foralcoholic extract of pomegranate shells and (0. 125) ; (0.25),rg7.rn, fo.taninis.

Abstract: Surface water is the main source of water in Mosul city. Wastes including liquid and solid is finally reach the surface waters like rivers. As the length of the river increases, the utilization of the river water increases also and therefore the quantity of wastes and pollution increases. This research is conducted on a stretch of Tigris river south Mosul city up to Qayara city, to study the variation in cations like calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. In addition, to the total hardness, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature were also recorded in three locnlions along a period of year. The results showed higher concentrations in the studied parameters than Mosul city due to the effect of rainfall, surface soil erosion and surface runoff. Also, there was a clear effect of flood season on ions concentration. In addition, the mixing of Tigris river and Al-Zab river waters contribute in ions concentration variations. The statistical analysis showed a significant variation in ion concentration with time.

Abstract: In this research, a histochemical study was undertaken on a caryophyllidian , Khawia grypi, recently described from Barbus grypus .The materials detected were: protein using mercuric bromophenol blue, lipids using Sudan black B , deoxyribonucleic acid using Feulgen reaction, (t is recovered from the results that protein and lipids are present in large quantities in the tegument , muscle bundles, mesenchyma and excretory canals while DNA was present in these organism in reasonable quantities, however, it was more abundant in the mesenchyma. The reproductive organs have reacted in different levels after applying the three techniques , protein and lipids were abundant or moderate in these organs, while in cirrus pouch lipid was scarce. The gonad high content of the protein indicates the high physiological activities of these organs such as gametogenesis, supply the nutrients and metabolites transport.

Abstract: Experiment was conducted under glasshouse conditions to study the effect of soils containing either powder chard leaves a lone or in combination with NaCl on growth and some physiological effects'of two wheat cultivars (Veez and US 30), The results showed that the control treatment led to significant increase in plant growth concentrations of chlorophyll and carbohydrates, releative water content of leaves, cellular membrane stability as well as ionic composition improvement of the two cultivars in comparison with the plants grown in soil containing either 2% powder chard leave:; of 2% NaCl alone. However, soils containing combination of 2% powder chard leaves and 2% NaCl led to greater reduction in the plant growth and more decline in the concentrations of chlorophyll and carbohydrates, relative water content cellular membrane stability, Ca2+ and Mg2+ accumulation in the shoot and root system where there was a significant increase in and Cl" accumulation especialy in vee/ cultivar. الخلاصة

Abstract: This study was conducted for the purpose of finding sesame seed borne fungi which produce the Lipase . Forty different isolates were obtained from different regions of Iraq (Baghdad , Slah-Al.Dan , Babylon , Taamim , Al.Anbar and Ninevah), The percentage isolate of Rhizopus stolonifer and Aspergillus niger was Found to be (22 and 20 %) respectively from Ninavh seed , and 14 % Q? Altemaria sesami from Al-Anbar. Aqualitative test was conducted to clieck the capabilities of these isolates to produce the Lipase in solid cultures and to find the most active fungi producing the enzyme , It was found that all isolates produced lipase except Rhizoctnia solani and Fusari.um sp. Isolated from Baghdad and Babylon respectively .

Abstract: Chemical modification of asphalt had been used to modify the rheological properties by treatment with sulphur at different experimental conditions. The modification achieved by using application of microwaves (microwave oven), A comparison between the properties of modified asphalt and original ones was made through the following tests: softening point, penetration, ductility and A suitable asphalt happened at first treatment including low range of microwaves spectroscopy and low time (5 min), this is explain in PI = 1,94,

Abstract: Tie present study was designed to ;;iudy the effect of hannal seeds extract on the epididymal sperms characters in mature male rats, The: animals were divided randomaly into four groups. The first group was treated with normal saline (NaCl 0.9%) as control group, while the 2 nd, 3rd and 4th groups were treated with hannal seeds extract 50,75, and 100 ing/kg B.w respectively. The results showed a significant increase in the total epididymal sperm count in animals treated with 75 and 100 mg/kg B.w. A significant decrease was noted in the total epididymal sperm count in animals treated with 50 mg/kg B,w. The results revealed an increase in the percentage of dead sperms with a decrease in the percentage of live sperms in animals treated with harmal seeds extract, No changes were observed in the percentage of sperm abnormalities, It is concluded that harmal seedo extract negative effects on epididymal sperm characters in mature male rats.

Abstract: This study carried out the induction of callus from different explants (leaves, stems and roots) of the medicinal plant Pi/npinc/la anisum by using MS medium which c.'miained different concentration;-; of Benzyl adenin BA and Naphthaline acetic acid NAA, The results showed that MS medium with 2.0 mg/1 BA and 1.0 mg/1 NAA was trie best medium for the induction and growth of callus. Regeneration of plants from the callus was obtained, specially from callus of leaves which gave the higher percentage, then followed by the callus of steins an ' roof' Al:;o, the results showed the one stop i -generation for all the ca '. " 'r- •': MS medium which contained 1.0 in.;,/'; for each ^ BA and 1 "T bjst medium for rooting was MS with i ,0 mg/1 NAA.

Abstract: Seventy eight samples of blood have been collected from neonates infected with septicemia. Isolation and identification of some species of gram positive and gram negative bacteria have been done, Results indicate that the Klebsiella pneumoniae recorded higher ratio among other gram negative bacteria which was (20.5 %) while Siaphylococcus aurens recorded higher ratio among the gram positive bacteria which was (16.7 %). Other species of bacteria have been isolated from another ones in less ratio. As far as the effect of weight on isolated bacteria ratio , the study noticed predominance of most Genus in the two weight groups (3499-2500) gm and (4499-3500) gm and appeared less number of Genus in the group of less weight (2499-1500) gm. The results of study also appeared that the Death ratio among neonates infected with septicemia was (30.8 %) and the Death ratio which caused by gram negative were higher than that of gram positive. الخلاصة

Abstract: The present study aimed to establish cell suspension from stem callus of Glyc'me max. These suspensions were cultured by embedding them in agar, This technique was favorable for cell division, colonies formation and microcalli production. The results indicate that the best growth of cells was 174 x 106 cell / ml in the sixth day with viability between 47- 81 %,

Abstract: The present study has shown thai the male bat Pipistrellits kiihli has a reproduction habit that attracts some attention because of the small size of this species , and the fact thai the male bat is effected by environmental conditions ; represented by temperature degree and the length of the photoperiod .In addition to the obligatory coincidence between his sexual cycle and the estrous cycle of the female. Therefore the sexual cycle of male bat of P.kuhlii is an annual cycle .It happens only ai autumn and reaches its maximum at October and November. The sexual cycle of the male is usually accompanied with morphological and histological changes concerning their reproductive organs. Particularly the obvious gradual increase in size and weight of testes and epididymis which is described or attributed to the continuous process of spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules. Consequently the seminal fluid is stored in three regions, the head, body, and tail along the, curved epididymis canal. The study has shown that the increase in size and weight of the testis and epididymis is reflected on their histological structure. Obviously the histological siudy has shown the sequential division of different sperm cells in order to let a large number of the mature sperms to fill the cavity of the seminiferous tubules, besides expanding the fragments of epididymis canal with it's three regions, filled with seminal fluid, An observed regression happened in the sexual cycle at the end of November, such a regression was increased at the hibernation month and the Spring of the next year. Such a regression has a great effect on the reproductive organs retain their usual state due to the cessation of

Abstract: The present study has conducted to investigate the effect of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on embryonic developmental in swiss albino mice Mus musculm , morphologically and histologically by light microscope, by giving the pregnant mice doses of 20, 50 ml/kg acetaminophen, The results is showed the normal period of pregnancy and this pregnancy did not happen at the fixed period, when compared to the controlled group which continued 18 days, where as it continued 19 days in the first group, which was treated with 20 ml/kg acetaminophen, as for the third group which was given a dose of 50 ml/kg acetaminophen, it lasted 20 days. The study showed abnormal embryonic differentiation in the group given a highly concentrated dose 50 ml/kg compared with ihe other two groups which were given a low concentration dose 20 im/kg. The histological test led to necrosis in liver, in addition to that necrosis appears in spinal cord and cavities of the brain in (lie high concentrated dose group compared with the low concentrated group dose which showed some histopathological changes such as vacillation in diencephalen and some necrosis in the liver when compared to two groups with the controlled group.

Abstract: In order to study the practicability delimitating the optimal electrical properties have been studied for soft ferrite system Mn|.xZnxFe204, which prepared by solid state method in the temperature range 300 to 550 K by substituting Mn2+ ions instead of Zr,2+ ions. The resulting of this study shows that the electrical conductivity for these systems were optimal value (10"6 £T! cm. The calculation of activation energy gave of 0.25 eV and 0.33 eV, The positive sign of thermoelectric power (seeback coefficient) for these systems means that the majority carriers were holes, Also the optimal magnetic susceptibility properties resulted in values -132xlO"5 , -662x1 0'5. From the electrical properties (electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power ) and magnetic susceptibility, the optimal results when concentration ions for these systems is Fe2O4 , which means equaled 0.4 to Zn2+ ions and 0.6 الخلاصة

Abstract: The research was aimed to use the residual asphaltic materials taken from northern refinery in the preparation of activated carbon by oxidation with V O5 in the presence of a stream of air for 3hrs at 350°C temp, .The residual materials from primary oxidation and carbonization step was further carbonised by mixing with twice the weight of KOH. Polyethylene was added to the treated residual asphaltic materials before adding KOH. The amount of polyethylene was varied between (5-25)% of the total mixture. The carbon product, was further purified by HC1 and distilled water. The physical characteristics of there studied determined using standard procedures.