Abstract: Abstract Some new macrocyclic and acyclic complexes having the general formula [ZnL]Cl2,[ZnLCl2],[Zn2LCl4] where L=Schiff base ligands derived from ethylene diamine with esters (diethylmalonate, diethylsuccinate and diethylphthalate) and benzil, where prepared by the reaction of zinc (II) chloride with ligands in ethanolic solution.1:1,2:1,1:2 stoichiometry of zinc (II) to ligand. Elemental analysis, molar conductance, infrared and ultraviolet studies reveal that the ligands in these complexes behave as tetra and octadentate forming tetra and hexa coordinated zinc (II) complexes respectively.

Abstract: Abstract The study includes preparation and characterization of Mineral clay catalysts from local and natural mineral clays, which have been applied in purification and fractionation of heavy crude oils. The studied samples were collected from area around Mosul city /Iraq. Physical properties were investigated to characterize the clay samples in addition to their solubility in many acids. Meanwhile, classical chemical analysis and X-Ray fluorescence were applied to determine their chemical composition. Moreover, X-Ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and infrared spectroscopy have been used to study their structural properties. Such investigations spot the light on the prepared sample to be active and selective in term of the adsorption chromatography. Qaiyarah heavy crude oil was fractionated into its simple and useful components which have been characterized via infrared spectroscopy.

Abstract: Abstract In the present work some of 1,2,3-selenadiazole compounds derived from corresponding semicabazones have been prepared. The reaction of substituted chalcone compounds (1a-c) and 4-methoxy benzyl cyanide give compounds (2a-c) which were converted through the reaction with semicarbazide hydrochloride into the corresponding semicarbazones (3a-d(. The treatment of these compounds with selenium dioxide leads to ring closure of semicarbazones to give the 1,2,3-selenadiazole compounds. The structures of the synthesized compounds were established by physical and spectral methods.

Abstract: Abstract: A clinical study of twenty patients with pancreatitis, aged between (45-68) years, attending Alzahrawi hospital in Mosul city. Each pancreatitis patient was evaluated clinically and laboratory examinations have been done including: (Serum sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, albumin, triglycerides (T.G), glucose, urea, total bilirubin, amylase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, Aspartate transamines (AST). The analysis of results showed that the levels of Serum Sodium, Calcium, Albumin, Potassium and Magnesium were significantly decreased in pancreatitis patients when compared with control, while T.G, glucose, urea, total bilirubin, LDH, AST and amylase levels were significantly elevated in pancreatitis patients when compared with control.

Abstract: Abstract Rate constants and thermodynamic studies have been performed on the decay of threonine amino acid peroxides produced from γ- irradiation of aqueous oxygenated solutions at different pH's. The decay was found to follow first order kinetic. The rate of decomposition increases by increasing temperature and pH of irradiated solutions. The activation thermodynamic measurements illustrate that, the decay of threonine amino acid peroxides is not spontaneously, and thus, it can be concluded that, the temperature here has important effect on post irradiation in this system. Significant change in values of ∆H*, ∆G* and specially ∆S* were observed depending on pH of irradiated solutions. On the view of the obtained results, a proper mechanism for decomposition was suggested.

Abstract: Abstract The protective effect of selenium chloride (SeCl2) against cadmium chloride (CdCl2), induced toxicity on sperms parameters, testes architecture and antioxidant enzymes in male Swiss mice was investigated. Intraperitoneal injection of CdCl2 (0.15 mg) dose in mice reduced total sperm count and significantly associated with increased sperm abnormality and death sperm percentage when compared with controls. The effect of Cd-treated mice showed a significant decrease in weight of testes and epididymides as compared with control groups. The degree of organ weight loss (testes and epididymides) were less severe in long-term treatment. Long-term exposure of both cadmium-injected mice had similar effect as acute exposure but with lower efficacy. Recovery period showed restoring effects in both exposure periods. The histopathological testes changes indicated by the reduction of seminiferous tubule diameter and testes architecture appearance due to the epithelial sloughing and elimination of germ cells were more pronounced at 72h/ Cd treatment. Substantially proves the ongoing damage effect of cadmium on developing germ cells. Long-term exposure of a batch of cadmium –injected mice had a similar effect as acute exposure but with lower efficacy. In addition, Intraperitoneal injection of CdCl2 (0.15 mg) also stimulate lipid peroxidation in testicular tissues, indicated by significant decrease in antioxidant enzymatic activity such as peroxidase and catalase in the experimental mice group. Administration of SeCl2 in combination with equal volume CdCl2 at the above mentioned doses led to partially organs weight resorted, elevated sperm count and reduction in the percentage of abnormal and dead sperm population along with significant increase in antioxidant enzymatic activities. The protective action and the antagonistic effect of Se at different periods against cadmium –induce toxicity are discussed.

Abstract: ABSTRACT: In this work, a computer program has been built to simulate some important X-ray parameters via Thomson scattering. X-ray energy dependence on the emitting and x-ray scattering angles for different incident electron energies were obtained. From this simulation, the X-ray energy was found to be distributed around (-1o to +1o) for X-ray emitting angle. Also it was found that, the X-ray peak energy was increased by increasing the scattering angles. An effort had been made on the angular frequency shift dependence on the scattering angle and laser photon energy. It had shown that the angular frequency shift was more dependent on laser photon energy rather than the scattering angle.

Abstract: Abstract This paper is concerned with the solvability condition for nonhomogenous linear boundary value problem for sixth-order ordinary differential equation. Throughout this study, we observed that, when the homogenous problem have nontrivial solution,then the nonhomogenous boundary value problem have a solution in case of nonhomogenous term that satisfied the solvability condition. We justified our results through the given example. Keywords :Sixth-order boundary value problem, self-adjoint problem.

Abstract: Abstract Geometrical shapes are so important in pattern and image recognition So many research use proposed in this direction . In this paper study basic geometrical shapes [circle, triangle, rectangle,…,etc] are studied and small database was build for them based on their eigenvalue. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors studied in this paper as shape descriptor parameters, which found it can be strongly used due to the high difference shapes. backprogation neural network was achieved to a speed path recognition process.

Abstract: Abstract This paper find a method depending on combining both classic and artificial methods to classify (recognition) an image.k-means method is used to find the main characteristics of the images. Then these images are classified using Hamming and Maxnet Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The proposed method is compared with the artificial one only. Three parameters are used for this comparison, number of iteration, second Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and third correlation. The results reveal that the used method is better than artificial method. correlation for proposed method is equal (0.5360), while it is (0.4610) for artificial method applying the same input JPEG image. This software is applied on JPEG and BMP gray images type. MATLAB 7.6.0 is utilized for the implementation of this software.

Abstract: Abstract The study involved hydrolysis of the wood in basic medium using a measured amount of 50% NaOH. The mixture was refluxed for four hours, cooled to room temperature. The hydrolysed product was allowed to settle for 24 hr. The liquid was discarded and the solid remained was filtered and washed with water till huetralisation. The remained materials were treated with NaOH in a ratio of (1/0.5, 1/1, 1/1.5, 1/2 solid/NaOH). The mixture was heated at 300-350oC for about four hour. The carbonisation process was continued to about 500oC, till all vapours and gases were diminished. The product carbon was activated using excess amount 30% HCl. The mixture was filtered and washed with distilled water till the product is nuctral. The carbon was dried at 120oC. the activated carbon prepared was further used in the adsorption of iodine and nethylene blue. Other variables such as density, humidity and ash content were determined. The result of the prepared carbon and that of untreated wood in addition to standard sample were comparable

Abstract: Abstract The research is concerned with the synthesis of fourteen acidic and basic compounds, derived from N-formyl pipyridine (I) as a mother compound. They are in forms of syn and anti oxime and Schiff bases having different substituents. These compounds are prepared by reaction of (I) with a suitable primary amines as hydroxyl amine hydrochloride, o, m and p – phenylene diamine, 4 – nitro – o – phenylene diamine, o, m and p – toluidine and others. The compounds under study are identified by using chemical and physical methods. The former method includes chemical solutions of FeCl3 and 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine as selective reagents for qualitative analysis of oxime or phenol and carbonyl groups respectively. The last method includes measurements of melting or boiling points and the available UV and IR spectra of compounds.

Abstract: ألخلاصة دُرست حرکیة تکوین أصباغ الآزو المشتقّة من مفاعلة ٢،٤- ثنائی هایدروکسی بنزالدیهاید أو أوگزیمی سین وأنتی له ألواهبة للألکترونات مع کاشف ملح الصودیوم لحامض السلفانیلیک المؤزوت ألمستقبل للإلکترونات عند الدالة الحامضیة pH7. کانت نسب تراکیز مکونات الأصباغ ألناتجة هی (2.5 :10 :1) لـــ (ألألدیهاید أو أحد أوگزیمیه: الکاشف: القاعدة) على الترتیب. تمّت متابعة حرکیة تکوین الأصباغ عملیاً وأثبتت بأنها من الرتبة الاولى الکاذبة نسبةً الى ألألدیهاید أو أوگزیمیه (سین أوأنتی). دُرست حرکیة تکوین کل صبغة ناتجة عند الظروف المثلى لها، وعند مدى من الدرجات الحراریة المحصورة بین (50 -10) مْ. ومنها تم حساب ثوابت السرع (k) وعمر النصف (t1/2) ومتغیرات التنشیط (Ea, H*∆، S*∆، G*∆)، وتمّت مناقشتها مع اعطاء التفسیر المناسب لکل منها.

Abstract: الخلاصة یهدف هذا البحث إلى تحضیر الکاربون منشط من مواد مهملة وملوثة بیئیاَ إلا وهی زیوت التزییت المستهلکة والفضلات البولیمریة. تعتبر هذه المواد ملوثة بیئیاً وبالإمکان الاستفادة منها فی تحضیر مادة ذات جدوى اقتصادی کبیرة. تضمنت الدراسة أکسدة الزیت المستهلک هوائیاً عند ازمان ودرجات حراریة مختلفة. بعد تحدید الظروف المثلى لعملیة الاکسدة، عومل الزیت المؤکسد مع المضافات البولیمریة للبولی اثیلین والبولی ستایرین والمطاط وراتنج المیلامین فورمالدیهاید) بنسب مختلفة عند 170 ºم وبوجود کلورید الالمنیوم اللامائی کحفاز لهذه المعاملة وبأزمان 5 ، 6 و 7 ساعات. تم تحدید نسبة الاسفلتین لجمیع النماذج ثم تم اختیار افضل النماذج من حیث محتوى الاسفلتین واجریت علیها عملیات تقطیر اعتیادی وفراغی. عوملت مخلفات التقطیر مع زیادة من هیدروکسید البوتاسیوم بنسبة (2:1) (مخلفات:KOH)، بعد ذلک تم إجراء عدة قیاسات على نماذج الکاربون المنشط المحضرة مثل قیاس قابلیة امتزاز الیود وسعة المثیلین الزرقاء من محالیلها المائیة، فضلاً عن قیاس الکثافة ومحتوى الرطوبة والرماد وقورنت مع النموذج التجاری.

Abstract: الخلاصة یتضمن البحث دراسة تأثیر إضافة مصادر کاربونیة مختلفة ومصادر نایتروجینیة مختلفة للحصول على أفضل إنتاجیة للزانثان بواسطة البکتریا Xanthomonas cammpestris ATCC 13951 حیث أظهرت النتائج أن استخدام المصدر الکاربونی السکروز قد أعطى أقصى إنتاجیة من السکر المتعدد الزانثان (14.01 غم/لتر) بعد ستة أیام من التحضین واقل إنتاجیة للزانثان تم الحصول علیها کانت 3.01 غم/لتر عند استخدام اللاکتوز بوصفه مصدراً کاربونیاً أما بالنسبة للکتلة الحیویة فقد بینت النتائج أن أقصى إنتاج للکتلة الحیویة کانت 4.10 غم/لتر عند استخدام سکر الکالکتوز بینما اقل إنتاجیة کانت 1.41 غم/لتر باستخدام سکر زایلوز بوصفه مصدراً کاربونیاً. أوضحت نتائج استخدام المصادر النایتروجینیة ان استخدام الحامض الامینی فینایل الانین قد أعطى إنتاجیة عالیة من الزانثان (13.98 غم/لتر) فی حین اقل إنتاجیة للزانثان تم الحصول علیها (7.39 غم/لتر) عند استخدام الثایویوریا أما أعلى إنتاجیة للکتلة الحیویة فکانت 3.34 غم/لتر عند استخدام نترات الصودیوم واقل إنتاجیة (1.13 غم/لتر) باستخدام الثایویوریا کذلک.

Abstract: Abstract This Study has been done on (200) blood samples from suckling Women their ages from (14 – 45) years suckle 1 day – 6 months babies, the hormones concentrations (Luteinzing Hormone (LH), Follice Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Estrogen Hormone (E2), Prolactine, Progest.) have measured by ELISA. The results have divided according to age and sex of the baby and also according to the number of births; The Results showed a significant differences between hormone level according to the age of the baby, In the second week of the first month prolactin hormone reached to its higher level at the same time there was a significant decrease in LH and significant increase in FSH. E2 hormone was increased and decreased while Progesterone. hormone didn’t changed in the 1st month significantly. Also the results showed that the higher level of prolactin hormone was in the 1st month where its level reached (110.01+3.455) ngml also there was adecrease in the LH level while the level of Progsterone. Didn’t change significantly during the first six months of suckling, but according to the sex of the newborn there were significant difference between hormone levels during the first month of suckling and also during the first six months, Prolactin hormone level was higher in the mothers with male offspring and lower in mothers with female offspring where the higher level of it was in mothers in the second week of suckling where it reached (140.4+1.48) ngml accept the second week and 6th month where the results were counterd and according to the number of births the analysis showed significant differences between hormone levels in which prolactin was decreased significantly in the first birth.

Abstract: Abstract The effect of some natural oils (oil Jawzer, Matricaria chamomilla, Polygonum avicutare, Ammi visnaga, Rubia tinctorum) on dissolving of struvite crystals that formed In vitro was studied. The results showed that jawzer oil is better than other oils on dissolving struvite crystals followed by Matricaria chamomilla while Polygonum avicutare oil have a variable effect on crystal dissolving, Ammi visnaga and Rubia tinctorum oils showed negative effects.

Abstract: ABSTRACT This study was conducted to explore the comparative development of the eye lens in two species of ovoviviparous teleost fish. The first fish was Gambusia affinis while the second was Xiphophorus maculatus. The results showed that the lens development starts at early stages of development.In both species. The first signal of lens genesis appears at the2nd stage of development, which is seen as spherical solid lens placode in the 1st one fish while in the 2nd fish as irregularly outlined and the radius is less than that of the 1st fish. At the 3rd stage the begining of primary lens fibers synthesis appears at the center of the lens placode in the 1st fish,while in the 2nd one doesn’t appear. On the other hand the genesis of the primary fibers appeared in a parallel pattern in the 2nd fish at the 4th stage. At the 5th stage the initiation of lens capsule was shown at the periphery in the 1st fish and secondary lens fibers primordium appeared in 2nd fish. At the 6th stage the following features are seen: progression of primary and secondary lens fibers, straight sutures between the lens fibers in the 1st fish,and the completion of central lens fibers which appeared parallel with straight sutures,as well as thin of lens capsule in the 2nd fish. At the 7th stage in the 1st fish, the spaces between the lens fibers reduced,the Y shaped suture appeared, while in the 2nd fish, the peripheral lens fibers and their lucident spaces were clear and some of it appeared elongated while the other are circled. On the other hand the primary and secondary lens fibers (straigt and circled), the lens epithelium, the lens sutures in the 2nd fish were completed. The 8th stage considered as the final stage of lens development in both species.The lens componens vary some what between the two adult species. In the adult 1st fish the lens was spherical in shape and its components represented as the capsule, subcapsular epithelium and concentric lens fibers, while in the 2nd adult fish the lens was ovoid in shape, the radius is less that of the 1st fish. The complete differentiation of the primary components were completed at the9th stage of development in the 2nd fish.

Abstract: Abstract In this study Three genera of common algae isolated from local environment in Mosul city were tested for their ability to utilize heavy metals Oscillatoria angustissima, Fragellaria vaucheria and Lyngbya tylorii were isolated and grown under effect of five different concentrations of heavy metals cupper chloride CuCl2, cobalt chloride CoCl2 and nickel chloride NiCl2, and assayed for the rate of daily growth, biomass and final pH of growth medium after fifteenth days of incubation. The results showed, that the highest growth of algae was achieved at zero concentration for all treatments, while there was adecrease in growth rate and biomass production with increase of the concentration of heavy metals which were used in the experiments. All algal genera revealed tolerant capability in high concentration of heavy metals relatively. The results also showed, that Oscillatoria angustissima could tolerate high concentration especially nikel and the growth rate could not be affected sharply with high concentration of nikel in the growth medium.

Abstract: Abstract The present study investigated the effect of infrared irradiation in the immune response of BALB/c mice against infection with secondary hydatid disease. By exposing protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus to infrared radiation at the periods 1, 2, 3, and 5 minutes, 20 cm from the light source, at wave length of 700-750 nm. Irradiated protoscoleces were injected in mice intraperitoneally. Many criteria were taken into consideration, 3, 15, and 30 days post injection, including WBCs total and differential count, innate immunity represented by phagocytosis, in comparison with the control group (mice infected with non irradiated protoscoleces). The study revealed a significant increase (P≤0.001) in the WBCs total count in mice injected with irradiated protoscoleces, in comparison with the control group. Regarding to the WBCs differential count, a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the lymphocytes 3 days post injection was noticed, followed by increase 15 days post injection, which was persisted significantly (P≤0.05) 30 days post injection. A significant increase (P≤0.05) in neutrophils and monocytes was noticed in treated mice at all irradiation periods. A significant increase (P≤0.001) in the mean of phagocytosis in treated mice was reported, at all irradiation periods. It will be concluded that irradiation may be used as an immunostimulator against injection with secondary hydatid disease in mice.

Abstract: ABSTRACT In this study the effect of alcoholic leaves extracts of Cassia spp, Salvia officinalis and Achillea millefolium was tested on the growth of the fungus Fusarium graminearum which was isolated from rice. Four concentration (5,10,15,20 mg/ml) for each plant were used. it was noticed that the inhibition effect of these extracts increase with increasing the concentration of them Prcentage of Cassia spp, Salvia officinalis, Achillea millefolium were (35.7, 100, 100%) respectively at the concentration 20 mg/ml. These results were compared with bioresistor Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride since they gives high antagonistic efficiency reached to 100 % Therefore we advice to use these plant extracts instead of chemical substance (fungicide), Because they are cheap, safety in use and don’t have any poisons effect on plant, animal, human and environment in addition the achieving of these extracts was very easy and available in nature.

Abstract: Abstract The Gas of the radon (Rn-222) can reach into the space of the houses in many ways, such as water supply, the emission from building materials, and the leakage through the soil. The aim of this study is determination of the concentrations of radon and uranium in ten soil samples of the sediment mud of houses' water tanks in Nineveh province, as well as ten soil samples have been taken from the same areas. This was achieved by using a technique of accounting the accumulative nuclear track on the detector LR-115, and by using the test tubes. The results indicated that the concentrations of the radon and uranium in the sediment mud were (4.98-40.555kBq.m3) & (0.35-2.83ppm) respectively, were as the values of soil samples were (1,44-58.84 kBq.m3) & (0.08-3.3ppm) respectively.

Abstract: Abstract: In this paper we demonstrate the effect of laser pulse power on the main properties of the photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) that represented by refractive index, numerical aperture, effective area and dispersion. All these properties have been studied at the communication windows (0.8 µm, 1.31 µm, 1.55 µm). The results of this work show that, when the laser pulse power is increased, the refractive index and effective area increase while the numerical aperture decreases over the wavelength range of (0.5 µm-2 µm). Besides, the results reveal that there are an increase of the dispersion value at the communication windows (0.8 µm, 1.31 µm) and a decrease of the some value at the window (1.55 µm).

Abstract: Abstract Experimental study has been performed to study the effect of Gamma rays by using source of CO60 on the solution of n-Malachite green in UV range. Samples radiated by Gamma ray for (4, 6, 24) hr. The effectively for CO60 was 0.1µc. The results show the effects of the radiation on the samples in the visible region and the less effect in ultraviolet region, no effect had been observed in IR region. The results in the visible region show a change in the value of real refractive index n0 from 2.2 before radiated to 2.5 after 24hr radiation period, also the extinction coefficient K0 changed from 5.7 × 10-6 before radiated to 1.1× 10-6 after radiated 24hr. The real dielectric constant Є1 changed from 5.1 before radiated to 6.2 after 24hr radiation. It has been found that the values of energy gaps increasing with time of radiation, where changed from (1.88eV) before radiated to (2.3eV) after 24hr radiation. The radiation by neutrons did not show any effect on the optical properties of the n-Malachite green.

Abstract: ABSTRACT In this paper we compute Akaike's Information Criteria (AIC), Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) and Schwarz Bayesian Criteria (SBC) for all possible for independent variables. The three criteria are measurement of the difference between a given model and the real model, and the model with smallest (AIC), (BIC) and (SBC) compared with other models is the best one. This study is applied to data gathered from children infected with Thelasymia disease, and the data are analyzed by using SAS to evaluate which of the models is the best model to determine the best subset of variables that minimize the information criteria among all the variables in the study. We compare the three criteria with model diagnostic like root mean squared error (RMSE), Mallow's and adjusted .

Abstract: Abstract In this research, Two methods are used: Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) and Principal Components Regression (PCR) to build a model for autoclave cement on factors influnce on it. The comparison between these two methods is done by using two components for the PLSR and PCR, the plot of the fitted data shows that Partial Least Squares Regression represente the data better than Principal Components Regression, and R2 insures this result which is showen by the figure. After that, 10 variables are used to compare these methods, this comparison indicates that the two methods represente the data in the same way. The goal is inreducing the number of components used in the two methods to avoid Over- Fitting, then it is depended on cross- validation method, this method indicates that Partial Least Squares Regression method is more economic than Principal Components Regression.